Genome Research in Medicine

• What was the main goal of the Human Genome Project (HGP)?

  To map the complete human genetic code
• When did the Human Genome Project take place?

  From 1990 to 2003
• How many DNA base pairs make up the human genome?

  3 billion
• How many human genes were identified by the HGP?

  Around 20,500 human genes
• How many genes linked to diseases have been found by the HGP?

  About 2,000 genes
• What new possibilities has understanding the human genome opened up?

  Medicine, genetic research, and personalised healthcare
• Why is the human genome important for genetic diseases?

  It helps understand how genetic diseases work
• How can genetic screening benefit individuals?

  It allows early detection of health risks
• How does the HGP aid in the diagnosis of inherited disorders?

  By quickly identifying faulty genes
• What is personalised medicine?

  Drugs tailored to a patient's genetic makeup
• What are the drawbacks of widespread genetic screening?

  • Stress and mental health issues
  • Genetic discrimination in jobs and insurance
  • Misuse of genetic data by employers and insurers
  • Need for privacy protections
• What mental health issues can arise from learning about genetic risks?

  Stress and mental health issues
• What is genetic discrimination?

  Unfair treatment based on gene variants
• Why are strict regulations needed in genetic screening?

  To prevent gene-based bias
• What concerns exist regarding genetic data misuse?

  Employers and insurers may misuse data
• What is emphasized as necessary due to concerns about genetic data?

  Need for privacy protections