specialised cells

• What are specialized cells?

  Cells that perform specific functions
• What is the process by which cells become specialized?

  Differentiation
• What types of organisms are made up of specialized cells?

  Complex organisms like animals and plants
• How many types of specialized cells are there in humans?

  About 200 types
• Name some specialized cells found in plants.

  Root hair cells, phloem cells, xylem cells
• What is the role of a sperm cell?

  To deliver genetic material to an egg cell
• Why does a sperm cell have half the genetic material of a normal cell?

  To combine with the egg's genetic material
• What adaptation helps sperm cells swim to the egg?

  A tail-like structure called a flagellum
• Why is the streamlined shape of a sperm cell important?

  It helps the sperm swim efficiently
• What do mitochondria provide for sperm cells?

  Energy for swimming
• What is the function of digestive enzymes in sperm cells?

  To break a hole into the egg cell
• How do specialized cells differ from each other?

  They have different shapes and structures
• What is differentiation?

  The process by which cells become specialized
• What is the starting point of human life?

  A single cell called a zygote
• What happens to the zygote during development?

  It divides by mitosis into multiple cells
• What occurs after the initial cell divisions of the zygote?

  The cells are identical and not specialized
• What is the role of stem cells?

  To divide and differentiate into specialized cells
• What are the characteristics of specialized cells?

  • Specific roles in the body
  • Unique shapes and structures
  • Different amounts of organelles
• What is the process of differentiation in cells?

  1. Cells start as identical zygotes
  2. Divide by mitosis into multiple cells
  3. Undergo changes to become specialized
  4. Develop specific shapes and organelle combinations