Osmosis

• Tonicity: Ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water; has a great impact on cells without walls as cell walls will prevent it from bursting
• Animal cells (any cell without a cell wall) in an Isotonic solution: solute concentration is the same as it is inside the cell - no net movement of water
• Animal cells (any cell without a cell wall) in a Hypertonic solution: solute concentration is greater than inside the cell - loses water, and it may shrivel (cremate)
• Net diffusion of water, across a partially permeable membrane, down a water potential gradient
• Net movement of water

  A) Concentrated

  B) Dilute

  C) High

  D) Low

  E) Low

  F) High

  G) Low

  H) High

  I) High

  J) Low

  K) Solute

  L) Water

  
• Animal cells (any cell without a cell wall) in a Hypotonic solution: solute concentration is less than inside the cell - gain water, and burst (lyse)
• Plant cells (any cell with cell walls) in a Hypotonic solution: Gain water; become turgid (doesn’t burst, ideal)
• Plant cells (any cell with cell walls) in a Hypertonic/Isotonic solution: Lose water; become soft, and flaccid; in extreme, the cell may lose so much its membranes detach from the cell wall - plasmolysed