active transport

• What is active transport?

  Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient
• How does active transport differ from diffusion?

  Active transport requires energy; diffusion does not
• What analogy is used to describe diffusion?

  Water flowing downhill
• What is required for active transport to occur?

  Energy from the cell
• What type of proteins are involved in active transport?

  Special proteins in the cell membrane
• Where does the energy for active transport come from?

  Cellular respiration in mitochondria
• What molecule stores energy for cellular processes?

  ATP
• How is active transport defined?

  Movement from lower to higher concentration requiring energy
• Why do plants need to absorb water and mineral ions?

  To survive and grow
• What are root hair cells adapted for?

  Absorbing water and mineral ions
• How do root hair cells increase their absorption efficiency?

  By having long hair-like protrusions
• Why can't plants absorb minerals by diffusion?

  Minerals are at higher concentration inside cells
• What is the role of mitochondria in root hair cells?

  To provide energy for active transport
• What are the adaptations of root hair cells for absorption?

  • Long hair-like protrusions for large surface area
  • High number of mitochondria for energy
• What is the process of cellular respiration?

  1. Breakdown of glucose
  2. Release of energy
  3. Occurs mainly in mitochondria
• How does active transport benefit plants?

  • Allows absorption of essential minerals
  • Enables survival in nutrient-poor soils
• define active transport

  the movement of molecules across a cell membrane, from region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, and requiring energy from cellular respiration
• Which process provides the energy required for active transport?

  cellular respiration
• Why can't plants absorb mineral ions by diffusion?

  Their concentration is higher in the cell than in the soil
• Where do plants absorb mineral ions from?

  soil
• Other than mineral ions, which other molecule do root hair cells absorb? 

  water