1st lesson

• In pre-colonial Philippines, literature thrived through oral traditions—oral literature, folk songs, and folk tales were passed through generations. These narratives preserved indigenous knowledge, history, and cultural values, celebrating the identity of ancient Filipino communities.
• RIDDLES (bugtong) are enigmatic statements to be solved for its hidden meaning
• PROVERBS (salawikain) a saying that people often quote, which gives advice or tells you something about life
• TANAGA a type of Filipino poem four lines with seven syllables each rhyme scheme at the end of each line
• CHANT (bulong) used in witchcraft and enchantment
• BALAGTASAN a Filipino form of debate done in verse term derived from Francisco Balagtas (author of Florante at Laura)
• HELE or OYAYI are songs to put the babies to sleep.
• AMBAHAN indigenous poetry that composes of 7 syllables per line about human relationships and social entertainment
• KALUSAN is a work song that depicts the livelihood of the people.
• TAGAY is a drinking song from Cebuano and Waray.
• KANOGAN is a song of lamentation for the dead from Cebuano
• MYTH traditional story that usually concerns historical events and supernatural beings, with or without using factual or real explanations.
• LEGEND explains the origin of things
• FABLES the characters are animals or natural forces with human traits or characteristics explicitly states a moral
• EPIC a long, often book-length, narrative in verse form heroic journey of a single person or a group of persons embodies culture and beliefs of people from different regions
• During Spanish colonial rule, literature was monopolized by religious orders, leading to its manipulation to reflect Spanish/European culture and Roman Catholic religion. It had two classifications: religious and secular.
• PASYON is a long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ.
• SENAKULO is the dramatization of the pasyon.
• AWIT colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting contains 12 syllables per line
• KORIDO narrative of life and adventures contains 8 syllables per line
• PROSE NARRATIVES written to teach Filipinos on proper decorum
• During this period, writers utilized literature to critique colonial injustices, awaken national consciousness, and rally support for the Filipino cause. This period saw the emergence of literary works that served two purposes: inspiring reform (propaganda) and inciting revolution (revolutionary).
• Writers used their pen names or pseudonyms to hide their true identities from Spanish authorities.
• DIARIONG TAGALOG first bilingual (Spanish and Tagalog) newspaper co-founded by Marcelo H. Del Pilar
• La Solidaridad, the official newspaper of the organization of the same name, was established in Spain in 1888.
• KALAYAAN official newspaper of the KKK (Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan) Emilio Jacinto is the editor
• SHORT STORIES brief fictional prose narrative that is shorter than a novel over 1,500 words, usually less than 7,500
• Bountiful harvest in poetry, fiction, drama, and essay that expressed themes of nationalism, love for country,

  rural life, faith, religion, and the arts.
• HAIKU - Japanese poetry made of three

  unrhymed lines that evoke natural imagery

  • 5-7-5
• literary giants - writers who are greatly acknowledged as exceptionally talented and influential in the field of literature
• HAIKU


  Japanese poetry made of three unrhymed lines that evoke natural imagery 5-7-5
• TANKA five unrhymed lines 5-7-5-7-7
• PALANCA AWARDS 


  Another inspiration for writers in Filipino was the launching of the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature headed by Carlos Palanca, Sr. in 1950.