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• Wildlife refers to wild forms and varieties of flora and fauna, in all developmental stages, including those which are in captivity or are being bred or propagated.
• Domestic Species are animals that have been in association with mankind for a long time, bred for a special purpose and have no genetically similar form in the wild.
• Conservation is the preservation and sustainable utilization of wildlife, and /or maintenance, restoration, and enhancement of the habitat.
• Captive Breeding/ Culture or Propagation is the process of producing individuals under controlled conditions or with human intervention.
• Indigenous Wildlife refers to species or subspecies of wildlife naturally occurring or has naturally established population in the country.
• Endemic Species refers to species or subspecies which is normally occurring and found only within specific areas in the country.
• Exotic Species refers to species or subspecies which do not naturally occur in the country.
• Habitat refers to the place or environment where a species or subspecies naturally occurs or has naturally established its population.
• Bio-Ecology refers to study of the relationships between organisms and their environment.
• Threatened Species is a general term to denote species or subspecies considered as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, or other accepted categories of wildlife whose population is at risk of extinction.
• Vulnerable Species refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered nor endangered but is under threat from adverse factors throughout their range and is likely to move to the endangered category in the near future.
• Critically Endangered Species refers to species or subspecies that is facing extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.
• Endangered Species refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered but whose survival in the wild is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating.
• Threatened Species refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered, endangered nor vulnerable but is under threat from adverse factors, such as over collection, throughout their range and is likely to move to the vulnerable category in the near future or whose population is at risk of extinction.
• Introduction refers to the act of bringing species or subspecies into the wild that is outside its natural habitat.
• Re-Introduction refers to the attempt of re-establishing the population of a species or subspecies of wildlife in a location where it has historically occurred but is now extinct.
• Restocking is the process of replenishing an existing population of wildlife with additional individuals of the same species or subspecies within its range.
• Terrestrial species include crickets, baby mice, and maggots.
• Nocturnal animals are those that sleep by day and are awake at night, usually in a burrow, cave, den, or thick foliage, and "set their clocks" with dusk.
• Nocturnal animals have more rods than cones, which means they have more rhodopsina sensitive chemical in a process that sets up electrical impulse transmissions to the brain when light reaches it, which can be easily broken down but rebuilt instantly with Vitamin A.
• Nocturnal animals have special eyes that are light sensitive, have a yellow or orange "eyeshine" when they catch light, and the "tapetum lucidum" reflects light like a mirror back into the eye.
• Nocturnal animals' pupils adapt to reduced light, getting larger to admit more light.
• Nocturnal animals use echolocation, a sonar-like system, where sound waves are emitted forward by the animal, hit an object, determine distance, direction, shape, and texture, and are received by the animal.
• Nocturnal animals have good hearing, for example, rabbits.
• The advantages of nocturnal animals include a good balance of nature and/or reduced competition, as they share their prey with the other diurnal or crepuscular animals, avoiding competition for survival.
• Nocturnal animals survive and/or safety, as they feed or are active at this time under cover of darkness or when their predators like predatory birds and reptiles are asleep.
• Nocturnal animals have cooler temperature as ideal conditions for hunting, as it is less stressful.
• Some nocturnal preys like worms and rodents come to the surface or from their burrows/ dens.
• Nocturnal habits of many mammals possibly dates back when they evolved from reptiles in the time of the dinosaur, being warm-blooded, they were able to function at night while reptiles became inactive.
• Mammals leave scent trails using special glands to move quickly at night.
• Examples of some Philippine nocturnal animals include the Philippine Tarsier, Philippine Mouse Deer, Northern Luzon Slender-tailed Cloud Rat, Palawan Bear Cat, and Golden-crowned Flying Fox.
• Anoles, American chameleons, change color even when sleeping due to temperature changes.
• Crab pigments become lighter in color at night.
• Fireflies and dinoflagellates produce light during the night.
• Insects and crustaceans become more sensitive to light at night.
• Pigments around the eyes of nocturnal animals migrate.
• Body temperature of mammals drops during the night.
• Urine production and metabolic rates drop during the night.
• Mammals have three types of hairs: Pelage, which functions for thermoregulation, camouflage, defensive structures, Vibrissae, which has numerous nerve endings, and Body hairs, which are present in marine mammals except for a few sensory hairs around the lips in adults.
• Crepuscular animals are most active during twilight, both at dawn and dusk.