Biochemistry

• What Is Homeostasis?


  Internal balance
• What Is Evolution?

  Change and Adaptation To A Selection Pressure
• What Is Metabolism?

  Biochemical reactions required for energy.
• What Is A Prokaryote?

  Single-celled organism.
• What Is A Eukaryote?

  An Organism with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
• What 7 Things Must All Living Organisms Have To Be Considered Alive?

  1. Cellular Organization
  2. Metabolism
  3. Growth
  4. Response to stimuli
  5. Reproduction
  6. Homeostasis
  7. Adaptation
• Similarities Of Bacteria And Archaea?

  All Prokaryotic.
• Similarities Of All Cells?

  Cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA (chromosomes), ribosomes.
• 7 Common Properties Of Living Cells?

  1. Cellular Organization
  2. Metabolism
  3. Growth
  4. Response to stimuli
  5. Reproduction
  6. Homeostasis
  7. Adaptation
• Differences In Cell Wall Composition Between Bacteria And Archaea?

  Bacteria: peptidoglycan (Gram positive) Archaea: pseudopeptidoglycan or protein-based (Gram Negative)
• DNA Full Name?

  Deoxyribonucleic Acid
• RNA Full Name?


  Ribonucleic acid
• Function Of Water In The Body?

  Hydration, temperature regulation, nutrient transport, waste removal, dissolves molecules/ions, enables molecular ionization, influences molecular interactions.
• What Are Biopolymers?

  Biopolymers are polymers produced by living organisms e.g. (DNA and RNA).
• What Is A Supramolecule?

  A complex formed by the non-covalent interactions between two or more molecules.
• What Is The Universal Set?

  The set containing all possible elements under consideration.
• What Is The Function Of The Cell Membrane?

  1. Regulates What Is Allowed Into And Out Of The Cell
  2. Maintain compartment integrity
  3. Interacts with other cells and compartments
• What Is The Function Of Proteins?

  1. Stabilize and regulate DNA/RNA
  2. Synthesizes mRNA from DNA code
  3. Transports mRNA and other proteins
• What Is A Polymer?

  Large molecule made up of repeating subunits.
• What Is Metabolome and Metabolomics?

  Metabolome: All the small molecules present in a cell or organism. Metabolomics: The study of all the metabolites in a biological system.
• What Is Proteome And Proteomics?

  Proteome: All proteins in a cell. Proteomics: Study of proteome structure and function.
• What Is Genome And Genomics?

  Genome: Complete set of an organism's DNA. Genomics: Study of an organism's entire genome.
• What Are The Functions Of Polysaccharides On The Cell Membrane?

  Structure, energy storage, cell recognition.
• Structural Difference Of A Gram Positive And Gram Negative Bacteria?

  Cell membrane and wall composition.

  
• What Is The Cell Envelope?

  Cell membrane and cell wall.
• Importance Of Ions?

  Electrolyte balance, nerve function, muscle contraction, and pH regulation.
• What Must Happen In A Cell Before Cell Division?

  DNA must be copied, RNA production, Protein synthesis, Lipid synthesis, Membrane reorganization, (enzymes play a key role).
• How Do Antibiotics Work?

  Inhibit bacterial growth, by attacking the cell division processes.
• Key Characteristics Of Organic Molecules?

  Carbon-based, covalent bonds.