Cell Biology Video

• What type of cells are both animal and plant cells classified as?

  Eukaryotic cells
• What is the most obvious feature of animal and plant cells?

  They have a nucleus
• What does the nucleus contain in eukaryotic cells?

  Genetic material (DNA)
• What is the definition of eukaryotic cells?

  Cells with genetic material enclosed in a nucleus
• What are the two additional features of animal and plant cells besides the nucleus?

  Cell membrane and cytoplasm
• Why is it important not to confuse the cell membrane with the cell wall?

  They are different structures with distinct functions
• What type of cells are bacteria classified as?

  Prokaryotic cells
• What is a key characteristic of prokaryotic cells regarding their genetic material?

  It is not enclosed in a nucleus
• How do prokaryotic cells compare in size to eukaryotic cells?

  They are much smaller
• What does the genetic material of bacteria consist of?

  A single loop of DNA
• What are small rings of DNA in bacteria called?

  Plasmids
• What structures do prokaryotic cells have besides the cell membrane?

  Cell wall and cytoplasm
• What type of cell wall do prokaryotic cells have?

  Bacterial cell wall
• What are the differences and similarities between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Differences:

  • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not.
  • Prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells.

  
  

  Similarities:

  • Both have a cell membrane.
  • Both contain cytoplasm.
• How do prokaryotic cells compare to eukaryotic cells?

  Prokaryotic cells are much smaller
• What is the standard unit of measurement in science?

  The meter
• Why are objects in biology often measured in smaller units?

  Because they are often much smaller than a meter
• What does the prefix "centi" mean?

  One hundredth
• How many centimeters are in 1 meter?

  100 centimeters
• What is the standard form of 1 centimeter in meters?

  1 * 10^-2 meters
• What does the prefix "milli" mean?

  One thousandth
• How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter?

  10 millimeters
• What is the standard form of 1 millimeter in meters?

  1 * 10^-3 meters
• What does the prefix "micro" mean?

  One millionth
• How many micrometers are in 1 meter?

  1,000,000 micrometers
• What is the standard form of 1 micrometer in meters?

  1 * 10^-6 meters
• What is the typical size range of a human cell?

  10 to 20 micrometers
• Why do biologists find micrometers useful?

  They are useful for measuring cell sizes
• What is the smallest unit discussed for measuring objects inside cells?

  The nanometer
• What does the prefix "nano" mean?

  One billionth
• How many nanometers are in 1 meter?

  1,000,000,000 nanometers
• What is the standard form of 1 nanometer in meters?

  1 * 10^-9 meters
• What are the key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  • Eukaryotic cells: larger, complex, contain organelles
  • Prokaryotic cells: smaller, simpler, lack organelles
• What are the standard forms for the prefixes?

  • Centimeter: $1 *$$10^{-2} \text{ m}$
  • Millimeter: $1 *$$10^{-3} \text{ m}$
  • Micrometer: $1 *$$10^{-6} \text{ m}$
  • Nanometer: $1 *$$10^{-9} \text{ m}$
• Why do scientists use the concept of order of magnitude?

  To compare approximate sizes of different objects
• How many millimeters are in a meter?

  1,000 millimeters
• What does "order of magnitude" indicate in terms of size comparison?

  • It shows how many times larger one object is than another.
  • Each order of magnitude is 10 times greater than the previous one.
• How do scientists describe the sizes of an apple and an orange?

  They are around the same order of magnitude
• What does one order of magnitude represent?

  10 times
• How can you determine the order of magnitude by counting zeros?

  Count the number of zeros in the size ratio