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TEAS: A&P III
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Cards (19)
peristalsis
: wave-like
contractions
of
smooth
muscle that moves
food
and
waste
through
digestive
tract
accessory organs:
salivary
glands
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
Steve. let. gus. panic
bolus
:
chewed
food easier to
swallow
when mixed with
saliva
parotid
gland: largest
salivary
gland that secretes
AMYLASE
Amylase
: chemical
breakdown
of the
carbs
and
sugars
in food
gastrointestinal
system:
nutrient
absorption
gastrin
: hormone that prompts the creation of
gastric
acid in the
stomach
mucous
: protective film that protects the stomach from acid
proteases
/
lipases
: enzymes that breakdown
proteins
and fats
pancreas:
has
endocrine
and
exocrine
functions
releases
insulin
B (decrease blood sugar levels)
releases
glucagon
a (increases blood sugar levels)
secretes
inactive
enzymes from
acinar
cells for activation in the
small
intestine -> carbs, fats, proteins, are digested
insulin
and
glucagon
are produced in the islets of langerhans
large intestines:
water
absorption
chyme turns to
waste
pathway:
cecum
,
ascending
colon,
transverse
,
descending
, sigmoid,
rectum
anus
small intestine:
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
secretin
CCK
bile
40
ft in length
functions of small intestine:
chyme is
neutralized
by
sodium bicarbonate
in the
pyloric
sphincter
presence of chyme triggers secretion of
secretin
and
cholesytokinin
duodenum
:
last
major site of
chemical
digestion
jejunum
and
ileum
: nutrient absorption
secretin: dumps
sodium bicarbonate
into
small
intestine
CCK
: acts on the
gallbladder
to release
bile
intrinsic
factor: aids In vitamin
b12
absorption