TEAS: A&P III

Cards (19)

  • peristalsis: wave-like contractions of smooth muscle that moves food and waste through digestive tract
  • accessory organs:
    • salivary glands
    • liver
    • gallbladder
    • pancreas
    Steve. let. gus. panic
  • bolus: chewed food easier to swallow when mixed with saliva
  • parotid gland: largest salivary gland that secretes AMYLASE
  • Amylase: chemical breakdown of the carbs and sugars in food
  • gastrointestinal system: nutrient absorption
  • gastrin: hormone that prompts the creation of gastric acid in the stomach
  • mucous: protective film that protects the stomach from acid
  • proteases/lipases: enzymes that breakdown proteins and fats
  • pancreas:
    • has endocrine and exocrine functions
    • releases insulin B (decrease blood sugar levels)
    • releases glucagon a (increases blood sugar levels)
    • secretes inactive enzymes from acinar cells for activation in the small intestine -> carbs, fats, proteins, are digested
  • insulin and glucagon are produced in the islets of langerhans
  • large intestines:
    • water absorption
    • chyme turns to waste
    • pathway: cecum, ascending colon, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum anus
  • small intestine:
    • duodenum
    • jejunum
    • ileum
    • secretin
    • CCK
    • bile
    • 40 ft in length
  • functions of small intestine:
    • chyme is neutralized by sodium bicarbonate in the pyloric sphincter
    • presence of chyme triggers secretion of secretin and cholesytokinin
  • duodenum: last major site of chemical digestion
  • jejunum and ileum: nutrient absorption
  • secretin: dumps sodium bicarbonate into small intestine
  • CCK: acts on the gallbladder to release bile
  • intrinsic factor: aids In vitamin b12 absorption