The Heart and Circulation

• What type of circulatory system do fish have?

  Single circulatory system
• Where does deoxygenated blood go in fish?

  To the gills for oxygenation
• What happens to blood after it collects oxygen in fish?

  It passes to the organs
• What is a drawback of a single circulatory system?

  Blood loses pressure passing through gills
• What type of circulatory system do humans have?

  Double circulatory system
• What is the benefit of a double circulatory system?

  Blood can travel rapidly to body cells
• What are the main components of the human heart's structure?

  • Four chambers: left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
  • Valves separating atria and ventricles
  • Major blood vessels: vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, aorta
• What are the four chambers of the heart?

  Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
• What separates the atria from the ventricles?

  Valves
• Why does the heart appear back to front in diagrams?

  It shows the view as if looking at a person
• What does the vena cava do?

  Brings oxygenated blood from the body
• What is the function of the pulmonary artery?

  Transports blood from the heart to the lungs
• What does the pulmonary vein do?

  Brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
• What is the role of the aorta?

  Pumps blood from the heart to the body
• What is the pattern of blood flow through the heart?

  1. Blood enters left and right atria
  2. Atria contract, forcing blood into ventricles
  3. Ventricles contract, pushing blood out of the heart
  4. Valves prevent backflow into atria
• Why is the left side of the heart thicker than the right?

  It pumps blood around the entire body
• What do coronary arteries do?

  Supply oxygen to heart muscle cells
• What is the purpose of oxygen in heart muscle cells?

  Used in respiration for energy
• What controls the natural resting heart rate?

  A group of cells in the right atrium
• What is an artificial pacemaker?

  A device that corrects heart rate irregularities
• What are the key functions of the heart?

  • Pumps blood around the body
  • Delivers oxygen to body cells
  • Maintains circulation
• Where can you find questions on the structure of the heart?

  In the vision workbook
• What should you be able to describe after the lesson?

  How the heart pumps blood around the body