History of Philosophy

• Thales believed that everything is made up of water.
• Absolute idealism believes that only one's own mind and its experiences exist, while solipsism believes that only one's own mind exists.
• Pre-Socratic philosophy was characterized by its focus on nature and natural phenomena rather than human beings or society.
• Before Philosophy, there was mythology
• Mythos - stories about the gods and their deeds
• Thales was the very first philosopher
• Thales knows astronomy
• The first question that the philosophers asked was “What is the fundamental thing that makes up reality”
• Philosophers were called pre-socratics
• Heraclitus believes that change is constant and that nothing stays the same forever.
• Sophists taught rhetoric or persuasion to people who wanted to become politicians
• Ancient philosophy focuses on cosmocentric worldview, which is the belief that the nature is the center of everything.
• Cosmocentric is the relation of man to nature
• Heraclitus believed that the fundamental thing that makes up reality is fire
• Heraclitus said that “you cannot cross the same river twice”
• Heraclitus believed that reality is creation and destruction
• The three sages of ancient philosophy are Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
• The socratic method is a method of teaching that involves asking questions to help the student think about the topic.
• The rivals of Socrates are the sophist or also called intellectual prostitues.
• Socrates said that “I only know one thing and that is I know nothing”
• Aristotle was a realist who believe that knowledge comes from experience
• Plato was an idealist who believes that there’s a world beyond our senses which he calls as forms
• Plato believes that there is an ideal world which he calls as the World of Forms or Ideas
• The two students of Socrates are Plato and Aristotle.
• Aristotle is teh father of biology and the father of zoology.
• Medieval philosophy is the synthesis of faith and intellect
• Medieval philosophy is using the ancient Greek philosophy texts to help find God in the Christian World
• Theocentric is the relation of man to God
• St. Augustine is also known as Aurelius Augustinus, the Father of the Church, and the first Christian Philosopher
• Thomas Aquinas developed the idea of the five ways of knowing.
• The five ways or logical arguments for the existence of God is also known as quinque viae
• Quinque viae is consist of omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, Omnibenevolent, and intelligent design
• Omnipotent means all powerful
• Omniscient means all knowing
• Omnibenevolent means all good
• Omnipresent means all present
• Intelligent design argues that everything has a reason
• Modern philosophy is in renaissance period
• Renaissance period is the Age of Enlightenment
• Anthropocentric focuses on the relationship of man with man and the existence.