Sound Waves

• What type of wave is sound?

  Longitudinal wave
• How do sound waves transmit through different media?

  They cause particles to vibrate
• What is a key component of a microphone?

  Paper cone
• How does a microphone convert sound?

  It converts vibrations to electrical signals
• What part of the human ear vibrates in response to sound waves?

  Eardrum
• What is the frequency range of normal human hearing?

  20 Hertz to 20,000 Hertz
• Why can't sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate outside the normal frequency range?

  They may not have enough energy
• What happens to sound wave speed when moving from gas to solid?

  It increases
• What is the relationship between wave speed, frequency, and wavelength?

  Wave speed = frequency × wavelength
• What happens to wavelength when wave speed increases?

  Wavelength also increases
• What does not change when a wave changes medium?

  Frequency
• How are sound waves represented on a cathode ray oscilloscope?

  As transverse waves
• What does a high frequency sound indicate?

  High pitch
• What does a low frequency sound indicate?

  Low pitch
• What does small amplitude in sound waves indicate?

  Quiet sound
• What does large amplitude in sound waves indicate?

  Loud sound
• Can sound waves travel through a vacuum?

  No, they need a medium
• What is an echo?

  A reflected sound wave
• What are the effects of frequency and amplitude on sound?

  • High frequency = high pitch
  • Low frequency = low pitch
  • Small amplitude = quiet sound
  • Large amplitude = loud sound
• What are the key points about sound wave transmission?

  • Sound is a longitudinal wave
  • Transmits through media by particle vibration
  • Cannot travel through a vacuum
  • Speed increases in solids compared to gases
• What is the relationship between wave speed, frequency, and wavelength?

  • Wave speed = frequency × wavelength
  • Wavelength changes with wave speed
  • Frequency remains constant when changing media