Raised Intracranial Pressure

• • Monro-Kellie Doctrine: When brain tissue increases in volume (due to tumors), CSF resorption and decrease in cerebral blood flow occur as compensatory mechanism
• • Increased ICP result in Herniation: Displacement of brain tissue
• CEREBRAL EDEMA

  • Is a non-specific consequence of many types of brain pathologies (but mostly present in acute pathologies) 
  • Symptoms: Headache, hallucinations, coma, death
• • Two types of Cerebral Edema:  
  • Vasogenic 
  • Extracellular Fluid is increased 
  • Pathogenesis: ↑Vascular permeability and BBB disruption 
  • Cytotoxic 
  • Intracellular Fluid is increased 
  • Pathogenesis: Cellular swelling (because of Na-K ATPase failure)
• HYDROCEPHALUS

  • Accumulation of excessive CSF within the ventricular system 
  • Caused by: 
  • Impaired resorption of CSF 
  • Increased production of CSF 
  • Obstruction in the ventricular system leading to build up and backflow
• TYPES OF HYDROCEPHALUS

  1. Noncommunicating (Obstructive) 

  • Obstruction in the ventricular
  • Localized

  2. Communicating 

  • Ventricles communicate w/ subarachnoid space 
  • General