apes unit 6

• A nonrenewable energy source is a resource consumed faster than it can be replaced, it has a finite supply, and it usually emits harmful pollutants into the environment
• A renewable energy source is a sustainable resource that is naturally replenished on a short timescale, they usually generate fewer greenhouse gas emissions
• The most widely used sources of energy around the world are fossil fuels
• A developed country has a relatively high level of industrialization and income
• A developing country has relatively low levels of industrialization and income
• As developing countries become more developed, their reliance on fossil fuels for energy increases
• People's energy use depends largely on availability, price, and governmental regulations
• A subsistence fuel is a biomass fuel source that is easily accessible and usually used in developing countries as a home heating or cooking fuel
• Wood is commonly used in developing nations because it's cheap to cut down and use as fuel
• An excessive use of wood as a fuel can cause deforestation and habitat loss
• Charcoal is created by heating wood under low oxygen conditions
• Charcoal is easy to transport and is cheap, and isn't as environmentally taxing as wood
• The least dense type of coal is lignite
• The in between dense type of coal is bituminous
• The most dense type of coal is anthracite
• Anthracite is the most dense type of coal because it is located in a deeper coal reserve which experiences pressure from overlying rock layers
• Anthracite is the most valuable type of coal because higher energy density indicates more energy released when a fuel source is burned
• The most common use of coal is electricity production
• Natural gas is made up of decaying remains of plants and animals buried under layers of rock and converted by pressure into natural gas overtime
• Fossil fuels are made up of coal, oil, and natural gas
• Fossil fuels are highly combustible substances from the remains of organisms from geologic ages
• Nonrenewable resources include crude oil, coal, natural gas, and nuclear energy
• Electricity is a real time secondary form of energy that is easy to transfer and apply to many uses
• Net energy is the difference between energy returned and energy invested
• Natural gas is considered the fossil fuel that emits the fewest air pollutants and least carbon dioxide when burned
• Crude oil is decaying marine organic matter trapped under rock layers being compressed into oil overtime
• Fractional distillation refers to how crude oil can be converted to different products
• Fractional distillation is the process where crude oil is burned in a furnace and vapor passes into a column where different hydrocarbons are separated based on boiling points
• Energy is lost during the process of making electricity
• Coal, natural gas, hydro energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, and solar energy all contribute to electricity
• Oil and biofuels contribute to transportation
• Biomass, Geothermal energy, and solar energy contribute to heat
• Crude oil is found in Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Iran, and Iraq
• Coal is found in Russia, the United States, China, Australia, and India
• Natural gas is found in Russia, Iran, Qatar, Turkmenistan, and the United States
• Aerobic decomposition is the process when organic material is broken down in the presence of oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
• Anaerobic decomposition is the process when organic material broken down without oxygen and releases methane
• The combustion reaction refers to when any hydrocarbon reacted with oxygen emits carbon dioxide and water
• The largest type of fossil fuel remaining is coal
• The middle amount of fossil fuel remaining is natural gas