active transport

• Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient.
• Active transport is a passive process that does not require energy from the cell.

  False
• Energy for active transport comes from cellular respiration.
• What type of energy is used in active transport?

  ATP
• What are ATP molecules compared to in the context of energy storage in cells?

  Batteries
• Match the cellular process with its characteristic:

  Active transport ↔️ Requires energy

  Diffusion ↔️ Moves down concentration gradient
• Root hair cells absorb water and mineral ions using active transport.
• What adaptation of root hair cells increases their surface area for absorption?

  Hair-like protrusions
• Root hair cells have many mitochondria to provide energy for active transport.
• Why do root hair cells need active transport to absorb mineral ions?

  Higher concentration inside
• Root hair cells use diffusion to absorb mineral ions.

  False
• Root hair cells are adapted to absorb water but not mineral ions.

  False
• Active transport in root hair cells requires energy from cellular respiration.
• Steps of active transport in root hair cells

  1️⃣ Mineral ions bind to carrier proteins

  2️⃣ ATP is broken down to release energy

  3️⃣ Carrier protein changes shape

  4️⃣ Mineral ions move across the membrane
• What is the primary role of root hair cells in plants?

  Absorb water and minerals