Single vs double circulation

• In which organisms is single circulation commonly found?

  In fish
• What is the flow path of blood in single circulation?

  Heart to gills, then to the body
• What does double circulation mean?

  Blood passes through the heart twice
• In which organisms is double circulation found?

  Birds and mammals
• What are the disadvantages of single circulation?

  • Low blood pressure and oxygen delivery
  • Limited activity levels supported
  • Blood must pass through gills twice
• How does blood flow differ between single and double circulation systems?

  Single has one loop; double has two loops
• If a person has a blockage in their systemic capillaries, which part of the circulatory system would be most affected?

  The systemic circuit
• What are the main components of the circulatory system shown in the image?

  Artery, Vein, Heart (Ventricle and Atrium), Pulmonary circuit, Systemic circuit
• What is single circulation?

  Blood passes through the heart only once
• What are the key differences between the gill capillaries and lung capillaries shown in the image?

  • Gill capillaries are found in fish, lung capillaries are found in mammals
  • Gill capillaries are part of the respiratory system, lung capillaries are part of the cardiovascular system
  • Gill capillaries facilitate gas exchange between water and blood, lung capillaries facilitate gas exchange between air and blood
• What are the main structural differences between single and double circulation systems?

  • Single circulation: 1 loop, 2 heart chambers
  • Double circulation: 2 loops, 4 heart chambers
  • Single: one circuit; double: pulmonary and systemic circuits
  • Single: gill capillaries; double: separate lung and systemic vessels
• What type of blood flow is present in single circulation systems?

  Single loop through heart
• How many heart chambers are found in single circulation systems?

  2 (1 atrium, 1 ventricle)
• What type of loop is involved in single circulation?

  Single loop for all blood flow
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of double circulation?

  Advantages:

  • Higher blood pressure for efficient oxygen delivery
  • Supports higher metabolic rates and activity levels
  • Separate circuits for oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • More complex circulatory system
  • Requires more energy for pumping
  • May be more susceptible to circulatory disorders
• What are the main components of the circulatory system shown in the image?

  Artery, Vein, Heart (Ventricle and Atrium), Pulmonary circuit, Systemic circuit
• What is the pathway of blood in double circulation?

  Heart to lungs, back to heart, then body
• How many heart chambers are found in double circulation systems?

  4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles)
• How does single circulation affect blood pressure in fish?

  Lower pressure needed
• If a person has a blockage in their systemic capillaries, which part of the circulatory system would be most affected?

  The systemic circuit
• What are the two circuits in double circulation?

  Pulmonary and systemic circuits
• What is a disadvantage of single circulation regarding oxygen delivery?

  Less efficient oxygen delivery
• What is the purpose of the pulmonary circuit shown in the image?

  To transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart
• What is a key advantage of single circulation in fish?

  Simplicity
• Why is single circulation simpler for fish?

  Only one loop for blood flow
• Why can't single circulation support high energy needs?

  Not suited for high-energy activities
• What is one advantage of double circulation related to efficiency?

  It has separate pulmonary and systemic circuits
• What advantage does double circulation provide to mammals?

  • Separate control of blood flow
  • Variable blood pressure in circuits
  • Enables higher metabolic activity
• How many times does blood flow through the heart in single circulation?

  Once
• What is the main difference in circuits between single and double circulation systems?

  Single has one circuit; double has two circuits
• What is the impact of a lower metabolic rate on fish activity levels?

  Limits activity levels
• How many times does blood flow through the heart in double circulation?

  Twice
• What is the term for the circulatory system that has separate pulmonary and systemic circuits?

  Double circulation
• What is the purpose of the pulmonary circuit shown in the image?

  To transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart
• How does double circulation affect energy use?

  It requires more energy for pumping
• What is a health risk associated with double circulation?

  It is prone to circulatory disorders
• What is one disadvantage of double circulation related to complexity?

  It has a more intricate circulatory system
• Why is blood oxygenated only once in single circulation?

  It passes through the heart only once
• Why is double circulation ideal for active organisms?

  It offers greater blood pressure control
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of single circulation in fish?

  Advantages:

  • Simplicity: One loop for blood flow
  • Lower pressure needed: Ideal for aquatic environments
  • Reduced energy use: Less effort for pumping blood

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • Less efficient oxygen delivery: Blood oxygenated only once
  • Lower metabolic rate: Limits activity levels
  • Cannot support high energy needs: Not suited for high-energy activities