biology B2

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Created by
Holly m

Cards (11)

  • Food Tests
    1. Orange Iodine to test for starch. Positive= blue/black colour. Negative= stays orange.
    2. Blue Benedict to test for sugars. Positive= brick red colour. Negative= normal blue colour.
    3. Blue Biuret to test for protein. Positive=Lilac/Purple colour. Negative= stays blue.
    4. Clear ethanol to test for fat. Positive= Cloudy white. Negative= stays clear.
  • Respiration: the action of breathing. The process of converting food into energy/glucose which then goes into every cell.
  • cancer: a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. It can be benign or malignant.
    • SMOKING
    • OBESITY
    • UV EXPOSURE
  • Metastasis: when cancerous cells break away from their original site and travel through blood vessels or lymphatic system to form secondary tumours elsewhere in the body.
  • Malignant cancer: fast growing, invasive tumour that spreads to other parts of the body
  • Benign cancer: slow growing, non-invasive tumour that does not spread to other parts of the body
  • the lungs contain millions of alveoli which are tiny air sacs that are separated by a thin layer of tissue . They increase the surface area of the lungs and carry out gas exchange.
    • Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the red blood cells back into the alveoli to be breathed out.
    • oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood.
  • blood path--- oxygen released from red blood cells and diffuses into body cells. Carbon dioxide diffuses out of body cells into blood. Then carried back to lungs to be breathed out.
  • the heart.... DOUBLE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM= passes through heart twice
    right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs to gain oxygen then it returns back to the heart.
    left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to all other organs. Blood gives up its oxygen to body cells~ deoxygenated blood return to heart+ pumped to lungs!!
    • Arteries carry blood at VERY high pressure so are a lot THICKER
    • veins take blood back to the heart . LOWER PRESSURE so are much THINNER
    • Capillaries very TINY. carry blood to every cell. 1 CELL THICK WALLS. increase rate of diffusion by DECREASING the distance it occurs.
  • RED BLOOD CELLS CARRY OXYGEN!!!
    WHITE BLOOD CELLS DEFEND AGAINST DISEASE!!!
    PLATELETS CLOT BLOOD!!
    PLASMA CARRIES EVERYTHING eg~ red= white blood cells, proteins, carbon dioxide, antibodies/antitoxins, urea and nutrients/glucose