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• Parenteral medications include all medications that are not ingested or introduced into the gastrointestinal system.
• Dialysis is a procedure involving IV fluids for a condition affecting the kidney, specifically kidney failure.
• An IV catheter should be discontinued during the occurrence of phlebitis, infiltration, or signs of infection.
• A "Y"-tubing setup is used to administer blood and blood products.
• Parenteral medications can be categorized into topical, ophthalmic, otic, vaginal, nasal, inhaled, and injectable (intradermal, subcutaneous, intravenous).
• Intradermal is a type of injectable parenteral medication.
• Intramuscular is a type of injectable parenteral medication.
• Subcutaneous is a type of injectable parenteral medication.
• Intravenous is a type of injectable parenteral medication.
• When administering any medication, it's important to wash your hands, observe the 7 rights of medication administration, compare order with container 3x, document the administration of the drug.
• Topical medications are applied directly to the skin as a patch, ointment, cream, lotion, or gel and are absorbed transdermally through the skin.
• Topical medications are sometimes used if patients have difficulty swallowing or cannot take oral medications because of severe nausea.
• Some medications are applied topically to achieve a system effect by maintaining continuous release of therapeutic doses of the drug.
• Transdermally through the skin.
• Semisolid preparations include creams, ointments, gels and plasters, and are applied to the surface of the skin.
• Ointments are petroleum based and work to keep the medication in contact with the skin.
• Overdose refers to the cumulative effects of medication.
• Common ointments include antibiotic ointments such as Bactroban ointment placed on a wound and hydrocortisone cream used for itchy skin patches.
• Creams are medications in a water base and absorb into skin and disappear.
• Kwell is a prescription cream used for treatment of lice and scabies.
• An IM injection in an infant should be injected into the vastus lateralis muscle.
• Childhood vaccinations are administered via the IM route.
• A suppository is a type of medication that can be given via the anal or vaginal route.
• An U-100 insulin syringe holds 200 mL.
• Insulin is usually given via the subcutaneous route.
• Particulate material can cause vein irritation, small pieces of glass can chip away from vial or bottle, and many IVs have a final filter in line.
• IV tubing is clamped off with a filter.
• Place used needles in biohazard containers after use.
• A 27 gauge needle is larger than a 20 gauge needle.
• IM injections are given at a 90 degree angle.
• Z-track injections should not release the skin before removing the needle.
• Minute amounts of medication such as 0.1 mL are usually administered via the IV route.
• An IV solution can include all of the following EXCEPT 250 NS.
• Vials come only in single-dosage units.
• IM injections usually use a 3/8 inch needle.
• Drug viscosity does not determine needle length.
• Signs and symptoms of infection include redness, heat, swelling and pain.
• Cartridge holders are disposed of with the prefilled cartridge.
• An ampule is usually broken to remove the solution.
• When transfusing blood products, it is important to closely watch the patient's vital signs, including pulse, temperature, respirations, and blood pressure.