Fractional distillation

• Fractional distillation separates two or more substances from a mixture in the liquid state.
• Fractional destination relies on each substance having a different boiling point and uses a special piece of equipment called fractionating column.
• This is fractional distillation diagram

  
• Fractional destination is used industrially to separate bioethanol from water for use for fuel. The boiling point of ethanol is lower than that of water so this means it evaporates before the water
• In the fractional distillation column, the vapour condenses.