Isotopes and relative atomic mass

• What are isotopes?

  Different atomic forms of the same element
• How do isotopes differ from each other?

  They have different numbers of neutrons
• What is the significance of the neutron number in isotopes?

  It determines the mass number of the isotope
• What is the definition of relative atomic mass?

  • A way of comparing the mass of atoms
  • Based on the mass of carbon-12
  • Average mass of all isotopes of an element
• What is the mass number of carbon-12?


  12
• What does the relative atomic mass take into account?

  It considers the abundance of isotopes
• If an isotope has 6 protons and 8 neutrons, what is its mass number?

  14
• How does the relative abundance of isotopes affect relative atomic mass?

  Higher abundance increases the average mass
• What are the characteristics of isotopes of an element?

  • Same number of protons
  • Different number of neutrons
  • Different mass numbers
• Why is it important to know about isotopes in chemistry?

  They have different chemical properties and uses
• How do isotopes contribute to scientific research?

  They are used in dating and tracing studies
• What is the relationship between isotopes and atomic mass?

  Isotopes have different atomic masses
• How does the concept of isotopes relate to the periodic table?

  Elements can have multiple isotopes listed
• If an element has an atomic number of 6, what isotopes can it have?

  Carbon-12, Carbon-13, Carbon-14
• What would happen if two isotopes had different proton numbers?

  They would be different elements altogether
• What is the importance of knowing the relative abundance of isotopes?

  • Affects the average atomic mass
  • Influences chemical behavior
  • Important for applications in science
• What is the mass of a carbon-12 atom?

  12.0
• What does the mass of carbon-12 represent?

  It is the average mass of isotopes
• What does relative atomic mass allow for?

  Comparison of isotopes and their abundance
• How is relative abundance defined?

  It shows how much of each isotope exists
• How can you calculate the relative atomic mass of chlorine?

  Using the isotopes' masses and their abundance
• What is the process to find the relative atomic mass of an element?

  1. Multiply the mass of each isotope by its relative abundance.
  2. Add these values together.
  3. Divide by the sum of the relative abundances.
• How many isotopes of chlorine are mentioned?

  Two
• What are the relative masses of the chlorine isotopes?

  35.0 and 37.0
• What does a relative atomic mass of 35.5 indicate?

  It reflects the average of isotopes' masses
• How do you find the total mass of chlorine isotopes in a sample?

  Multiply each isotope's mass by its abundance
• What is the sum of the relative abundances of isotopes in chlorine?

  3
• Why might relative atomic masses not be whole numbers?

  Because they are averages of isotopes' masses
• How do relative atomic masses relate to periodic tables?

  They are often rounded to nearest whole number
• What is a common rounding limit for relative atomic masses?

  0.5
• How do relative atomic masses help in chemistry?

  They allow for calculations in chemical reactions
• What is the significance of the periodic table in finding atomic masses?

  It provides the relative atomic masses of elements
• Why might atomic masses be rounded in periodic tables?

  To simplify calculations for chemists