Infectious diseases

• Pathogens

  • Pathogens are microorganism
  • they cause communicable(infectious) diseases
• Communicable disease

  • Diseases that can spread
  • both plants and animals can be infected by pathogens
• 4 main types of pathogens

  • Bacteria
  • viruses
  • fungi
  • protists
• Ways pathogens can be spread

  • Water-some pathogens can be picked up by drinking or bathing in dirty water
  • air-pathogens can be carried in the air and can be breathed in
  • direct contact- picked up by touching surfaces
• diseases can be reduced or prevented

  • being hygienic- washing hands before making food
  • isolating infected people-keeping that person away prevents them from passing it
  • vaccination- make it less likely to catch a disease
• Bacteria

  • Can reproduce rapidly
  • make you feel ill
  • damage your cells

  salmonella and gonorrhea are bacterial diseases
• Salmonella: bacterial

  • Causes food poison
  • can suffer; fever stomach cramps, vomiting and diareha

  you can get salmonella by:

  • eating food that has been made where the bacteria is present(unclean kitchen)
• Gonorrhoea caused by bacteria

  • Gonorrhoea Is an STD
  • STDs are passed on by sexual contact

  suffer:

  • pain when urinating
  • thick yellow or green discharge

  treatment:

  • antibiotics (Not penicillin anymore)
  • contraceptions
• Virus diseases ; measles

  Spread;

  • infected person sneezing and coughs

  suffer ;

  • red skin rash, fever

  prevent;

  • vaccinated at young age
• Virus ; HIV

  SPREAD;

  • sexual contact or by exchanging bodily fluids

  suffer;

  • flu like symptoms for a few weeks

  prevention:

  • controlled with antiretroviral drugs this stops the virus copying itself
  • if not controlled virus attacks the immune cells
• Virus: Tobacco mosaic virus

  • TMV affects species of plants
  • causes parts of the leaves to be discoloured gives them a mosaic pattern
  • discoloured leaves have less chlorophyll to absorb light
  • means less photosynthesis happens so plant can’t make food