GPAC (Ch 51)

• What are GPAC?

  Gram positive anaerobic cocci
• What is the structure of GPAC?

  Obligate anaerobic, non- spore forming, sometimes elongated cocci
• What are the genera of GPAC?

  Peptostreptococcus, Finegoldia, Parvimonas, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Murdochiella and Anaerospaera
• What are examples of Gram negative anaerobic cocci?

  Veillonella, Acidaminococcus, Megasphaera, Anaeroglobus and Negativicoccus
• Where are GPAC commensals?

  Human mouth, upper respiratory and GI tracts, female GU tract and skin
• Which GPAC is found most often in the mouth?

  Parvimonas micra
• Which GPACs are found most on the skin?

  Finegoldia micra, also Parvimonas asacharolyticus
• Which GPAC is most commonly found in skin, soft tissue, bone and joint infection?

  Finegoldia magna
• What are the complications of Finegoldia magna infection?

  Endocarditis, meningitis and pneumonia
• Which GPAC has the most potential to form a biofilm?

  Finegoldia magna
• What is the rate of GPAC involvement in pleuro- pulmonary infections?

  40%
• What is the pattern of infection associated with Peptostreptococcus anaerobius?

  Endocarditis, abdominal cavity infection and female GU infection, also gingivitis/ stomatitis
• Which GPAC is most commonly associated with dentoalveolar abscesses and endodontic infections?

  Peptostreptococcus stomatitis
• How are GPACs isolated?

  Nalidixic acid Tween (NAT) blood agar is used
• Which antibiotics are GPACs generally sensitive to?

  Beta lactams with beta lactamase inhibitors, cephalosporins, carbapenems and chloramphenicol
• Which antibiotics are Peptostreptococcus anaerobius sensu latu resistant to?

  Amoxicillin, co- amoxiclav and azithromycin and moxifloxacin
• What is the resistance pattern of Veillonellae?

  Tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin and kanamycin
• What is Veillonellae sensitive to?

  Penicillin G, cefalotin and clindamycin