Week 1

• Microbiology - study of organism that are so small that cannot be seen by the naked eye.
• Cellular - prokaryotes
• Eukaryotes - fungi, protozoa, algae
• accellular - viruses
• Bacteriology - study of bacteria
• Virology - study of virus
• Mycology - study of fungi
• Parasitology - study of parasite
• Phycology - study of algae
• immunology - study of immunity
• Robert Hooke - discovered cell
• Cell - basic unit of living organism
• Anton Van Leeuwenhoek - father of microbiology, bacteriology and protozoology
• Anton Van Leeuwenhoek - created single lens microscope
• Louis Pasteur - developed the process of Pasteurization
• Pasteurization - heating food to kill bacteria and pathogens
• Koch - developed the Germ theory
• Koch - discovered the bacteria that caused tuberculosis
• Edward Jenner - Discovered the vaccine for small pox
• Joseph Lister - applied the Germ theory to medical procedures
• Joseph Lister - start aseptic surgery
• Aseptic surgery - surgery performed in a sterile environment to prevent infection
• Paul Ehrlich - discovered salvarsan for the treatment of syphilis
• Syphilis - transmitted disease caused by bacteria, spread through sexual contact
• Magic bullet - treatment disease by isng chemical substances
• Alexader Fleming - discovered penicillin from a mold called penicillin notatum
• Hans Gram - developed gram staining procedure
• Staining - gives color to the organism to see them under microscope
• Positive Gram - Stain purple or blue
• Negative Gram - Stain red or pink
• All cocci are gm (+) except for Neisseria, Branhamella, Veillonella
• All bacilli are gm (-) except for Mycobacterium, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Clostridium
• Acid fast stain - Used for high lipid content bacteria
• ZIEHL-NEELSEN STAIN- also known as “Hot Method Steam bathing with AQUEOUS DYE and BLUE background
• KINYOUN STAIN- also known as “Cold Method” – Using GREEN back ground
• HISS STAIN – capsule or slime layer
• DYER STAIN – cell wall
• FISHER CONN STAIN - flagella
• DORNER , SCHAEFFER , FULTON STAIN - spores
• INDIA INK –capsule fungus “Cryptococcus Neoformans”