Animal Cell Specialisation

• What is the process called when cells become specialized?

  Differentiation
• What are the adaptations of sperm cells for fertilization?

  • Long tail for swimming
  • Streamlined shape
  • Packed with mitochondria for energy
  • Contains enzymes to digest ovum's outer layer
• What is the job of a sperm cell?

  To join with an ovum
• What do mitochondria provide for sperm cells?

  Energy needed for swimming
• What are the key features of nerve cells?

  • Long axon for impulse transmission
  • Myelin sheath for insulation
  • Synapses for impulse transfer
  • Dendrites to increase surface area
• What is the function of the axon in nerve cells?

  To transmit electrical impulses
• How does myelin affect nerve impulses?

  It speeds up their transmission
• What is the main function of muscle cells?

  • To contract and shorten
  • Contain protein fibers that change length
  • Packed with mitochondria for energy
• What do muscle cells contain that allows them to contract?

  Protein fibers
• Why do muscle cells have many mitochondria?

  To provide energy for contraction