The heart and blood

• Humans have a ...

  Double circulatory system
• What is the heart?

  An organ consisting mainly of muscle tissue, which pumps blood around the body
• Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?

  Lungs where gas exchange takes place
• Where does the left ventricle pump blood to?

  The rest of the body
• How many chambers does the heart have?

  4
• What are the 4 chambers called?

  Right and Left atrium and Right and Left ventricle
• What are the ventricles and atriums separted by?

  Valves
• What does the Vena Cava bring?

  deoxygenated blood from the body
• The blood passes from the heart to the lungs through the...

  pulmonary artery
• What does the Pulmonary vein do?

  Oxygenated blood passes from the lungs to the heart
• Oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the body through the...

  Aorta
• How does the blood move around the heart?

  1. blood enters the left atrium and the right atrium
  2. Atria contracts and blood is forced into the ventricles
  3. Ventricles contract and force blood out of the heart
• What are the functions of the Valves in the heart?

  Stop the blood from flowing backward
• What is a Pacemaker?

  Electrical device used to correct irregularities in the heart rate
• What are the three different types of blood vessels?

  • arteries
  • veins
  • capillaries
• What are the different properties of ARTERIES?

  • thick muscular walls
  • high pressure of blood
  • Small lumen
• What are the different properties of VEINS?

  • thin walls
  • large lumen
  • low blood pressure
  • contain valves
• What are the different properties of CAPILLARIES?

  • very thin wall (one cell thick)
  • very narrow lumen
• What is Blood?

  a tissue containing of plasma, in which red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are suspended
• Blood plasma transports...

  • soluble digestion products
  • carbon dioxide
  • waste products like urea
• What is the role of Red Blood Cells?

  Contains Haemoglobin which transports oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body
• What is haemoglobin containing oxygen called?

  Oxyhaemoglobin
• What is haemoglobin containing carbon dioxide called?

  Carboxihaemoglobin
• What are the characteristics of Red Blood cells?

  • no nucleus
  • larger surface area
  • biconcave shape
• What are the characteristics of White blood cells?

  • Contains nucleus
  • contains DNA able to produce defence mechanisms
• What are the characteristics of Platelets?

  • tiny fragments of cells
  • helps blood clot
• What are the uses of donated blood?

  • replace blood lost during injury
  • proteins useful for antibodies
  • extracted platelets