how physical activity affects breathing rate and depth

• What are the definitions and functions of respiration and the respiratory system?

  • Respiration:
  • Definition: Breakdown of glucose to produce energy
  • Function: Provides energy for cells
  • Respiratory system:
  • Definition: Organs for oxygen intake and carbon dioxide release
  • Function: Enables gas exchange
• Why is oxygen important for cells?

  It helps cells make energy
• What is the balance of gases maintained by the respiratory system at rest?

  • Oxygen: High level
  • Carbon Dioxide: Low level
• How does the structure of the capillary facilitate gas exchange between the blood and muscles/lungs?

  • The thin walls of the capillary allow for efficient diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and surrounding tissues
• What is the primary function of the respiratory system at rest?

  To take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide
• What happens to blood flow during physical activity?

  Blood flow increases
• What is the shape of the graph shown in the image?

  The graph has a bell-shaped curve.
• What is the name of the structure labeled "alveolus" in the image?

  Alveolus
• What is the purpose of the blood flow between the muscles and lungs/heart shown in the image?

  To deliver oxygen to the muscles and remove carbon dioxide
• What becomes more efficient at transporting oxygen during exercise?

  Red blood cells
• What do muscles need more of during physical activity?

  Oxygen
• How does the structure of the capillary network shown in the image facilitate the circulatory system's function?

  The extensive capillary network allows for efficient exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and surrounding tissues
• What type of relationship is shown between the independent and dependent variables in this graph?

  The graph shows a positive, linear relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
• What does the y-axis represent in this graph?

  Dependent variable
• What is the role of the circulatory system during physical activity?

  To deliver oxygen-rich blood to active muscles
• What is the relationship between physical activity and oxygen demand?

  Physical activity increases the body's oxygen demand
• What is respiration?

  Process of breaking down glucose for energy
• What does the y-axis represent in the graph?

  The y-axis represents the dependent variable.
• What does the x-axis represent in this graph?

  Independent variable
• How do gas levels change during exercise compared to rest?

  • Oxygen: Lower level during exercise
  • Carbon Dioxide: Higher level during exercise
• What is carbon dioxide in relation to the body?

  It is a waste product that needs removal
• How does the circulatory system shown in the image support muscle function?

  • The blood flow delivers oxygen to the muscles for cellular respiration and removes waste products like carbon dioxide
  • The capillaries allow for efficient exchange of gases between the blood and muscle tissue
• How does the body detect the need to increase breathing rate during exercise?

  Through signals from receptors in muscles and blood vessels
• What organs are included in the respiratory system?

  Lungs, trachea, and diaphragm
• What is the general shape of the graph shown?

  Bell-shaped curve
• What does the respiratory system do?

  Takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
• What happens to breathing rate during exercise?

  It increases
• Why is energy produced during respiration essential?

  It is necessary for all life activities
• What type of relationship is shown between the independent and dependent variables in this graph?

  Positive, linear relationship
• What does the x-axis represent in the graph?

  The x-axis represents the independent variable.
• Which phase shows a gradual decrease in heart rate over time?

  Recovery
• During which time period does the heart rate increase most rapidly?

  Between 10 and 12 minutes
• What are the three phases represented in the graph and their relationship to heart rate?

  • Rest: Heart rate is at a baseline level.
  • Exercise: Heart rate increases significantly and plateaus at a higher level.
  • Recovery: Heart rate gradually decreases back toward the resting level.
• According to the graph, what is the approximate peak heart rate during exercise?

  148 BPM
• In the graph, what is the unit of measurement for time?

  Minutes
• If a person has a blockage in their capillaries, how would that affect the exchange of gases between the blood and muscles/lungs?

  It would reduce the efficiency of gas exchange, limiting the delivery of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide
• According to the graph, approximately when does the recovery phase begin?

  20 minutes
• What is the approximate heart rate during the rest phase, according to the graph?

  60 BPM
• What is the role of the capillary in the image?

  • The capillary allows blood to flow from the muscles to the alveoli in the lungs
• Comparing the rest and recovery phases, what is the key difference in how the heart rate changes?

  Rest is stable, recovery is decreasing