Lyssavirus, Bunyavirus, arenavirus.

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  • LYSSAVIRUS is part of the Rhabdoviridae, with RNA with negative polarity.
  • Rabies virus, RABV lyssavirus, infects all homeotherm vertebrates and causes rabid encephalitis.
  • Antigenic cross reactivity with protein N and protein G are characteristic of rabies virus.
  • Pathogenesis of rabies virus involves transmission from dog, passing through cutis and mucosa, replicating in striated muscles, and extending to CNS and spinal marrow.
  • The incubation period for rabies virus is 3-12 weeks.
  • Symptoms of rabies virus include acute encephalitis, sensorial hyperesthesia, hallucinations, painful muscles contractions, fear of water or air, and suffocation feeling.
  • There are two forms of rabies virus: paralytic and furious.
  • Diagnosis of rabies virus involves bite evidence and isolation of virus in saliva/neuraxin.
  • Treatment for rabies virus includes detorsion of bite lesion, antirabic vaccine, and gamma globulins.
  • Rabies-like virus is also found in bats.
  • Duvenhage virus and European bat lyssavirus 1, 2 are examples of rabies-like viruses.
  • BUNYAVIRUS are Arboviruses, with ribovirus having 3 RNA segmental with negative polarity, presenting proteins L, M, S, and replicative cycle in cytoplasm.
  • Symptoms of Bunyavirus infection include fever, exanthema, articular pains, encephalitis, meningitis, hemorrhagic fevers.
  • Bunyavirus has a particular tropism for lungs, causing hemorrhagic pulmonary syndrome.
  • Nairovirus is a Bunyavirus that causes hemorrhagic fever from tick.
  • Phlebovirus is a Bunyavirus that causes hemorrhagic fever from flebotomes.
  • ARENAVIRUS are riboviruses with RNA polymerases, RNA dependent, with capsid, two molecules of RNA monocatenated, and genomic segments L, P, S.
  • Arenavirus can infect virtually every organ and tissue, and the replicative cycle is in cytoplasm.
  • Transmission of Arenavirus involves aerosols, food, and interhuman.
  • Causes of Arenavirus infection include Old World Complex (Coriomeningitis lymphocitary, Lassa, Guanarito, Junin, Machupo, Sabia) and New World Tacaribe Complex (Guanarito, Junin, Machupo, Sabia).
  • Diagnosis of Arenavirus infection involves virus finding in peripheric blood and serological tests.
  • Treatment for Arenavirus infection involves plasma adding.
  • There is no vaccine for Arenavirus.