biology

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Cards (97)

  • what is diffusion
    the spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
  • definition of active transport
    the process of substances being absorbed from a lower concentration to a higher concentration
  • definition of osmosis
    the movement of molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution
  • function of a ribosome
    they perform protein synthesis
  • what is the equation for photosynthesis?
    carbon dioxide + water= glucose + oxygen
    6Co2+6H2O= C6H12O6+ 6O2
  • What are microorganisms that cause disease called?
    Pathogens
  • What do bacteria produce that damage our tissues and make us feel ill?
    Toxins/poisons
  • Which viral disease causes fever and a red skin rash?
    Measles
  • Where do viruses reproduce?
    Inside cells
  • How is measles virus spread?
    Inhalation of droplets from sneezes and coughs
  • How is HIV infection controlled by antiretroviral drugs?
    They inhibit the replication of the virus
  • What is a group of cells with a similar structure and function called?
    Tissue
  • What are aggregations of tissues performing specific functions called?
    Organs
  • Which model is used to explain enzyme activity?
    Lock & key
  • Where is amylase produced?
    Salivary glands & pancreas
  • Where is lipase produced?
    Pancreas & small intestine
  • Where is protease produced?
    Stomach, pancreas & small intestine
  • What does amylase do?
    Break down starch into sugars/glucose
  • What does protease do?
    Break down proteins into amino acids
  • What do lipids do?
    Break down lipids into fatty acids & glycerol
  • Where is bile produced and stored?
    Produced in liver, stored in gallbladder
  • What are the 2 functions of bile?
    Neutralise stomach acid and emulsifies fats
  • What is used to test for sugars?
    Benedict's test
  • What is used to test for starch?
    Iodine
  • What is used to test for protein?
    Biuret reagent
  • Why is the heart described as a double pump?
    Right side pumps to the lungs, left side pumps to the body
  • Which blood vessel brings deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart?
    Vena cava
  • Which blood vessel transports blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen?
    Pulmonary artery
  • Which blood vessel transports blood from the lungs to the heart?
    Pulmonary vein
  • Which blood vessel transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body?
    Aorta
  • Where does gas exchange take place in animals?
    Alveoli
  • What is the natural resting heart rate controlled by?
    Pacemaker cells in right atrium
  • Which device can correct irregularities in the heart rate?
    Artificial pacemaker
  • What are the 3 types of blood vessels?
    Capillaries, veins, arteries
  • Which blood vessels have the thinnest walls?
    Capillaries
  • Which blood vessels contain valves?
    Veins
  • Which blood vessels have the narrowest lumen?
    Arteries
  • Which blood vessels mainly carry deoxygenated blood?
    Veins
  • Which blood vessels mainly carry oxygenated blood?
    Arteries
  • What 4 main substances does blood consist of?
    Plasma, platelets, WBC, RBC