A complicated mixture of molecules, called Hydrocarbons
Refinery separates the mixture of hydrocarbons
Due to their boiling points, using the process of distillation
Boiling points of hydrocarbons
Directly linked to the size of the molecules
Large molecules have high boiling points, small molecules have low boiling points
Distillation
Sorts the mixture into fractions based on boiling point (size) of the molecules
You need to be able to name and draw the first 4 alkanes and be able to predict the formula of the rest
Hydrocarbons
Substances whose molecules are composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Each carbon atom must have 4 covalent bonds
Each Hydrogen atom must have 1 bond
Main groups of hydrocarbons
Alkanes
Alkenes
Most of the hydrocarbons in crude oil are alkanes, of various molecular sizes and mass – each distinct alkane has its own specific physical properties such as boiling point
