Science

• Who is viewed as the father of empiricism?

  Francis Bacon
• What is empiricism?


  The idea that scientific knowledge should be based upon observation and experience/experimenting
• What did Lord Falkland do?

  Opened his house in Oxfordshire to learned thinkers who questioned problems of the Church of England
• What conclusion did Lord Falkland’s thinkers reach?

  The Church of England would benefit from religious toleration
• What was the aim of the Royal Society?

  To push the boundaries of Science and right the errors and restore rejected truths
• How often did the Society meet?

  Once a week
• How did the Society allow for science to become more popular?

  Membership was derived from the elite and professional class, which helped to popularise scientific knowledge in fashionable society
• Which notable figure contributed to the Royal Society?

  Charles II gave them a royal charter
• When was the Royal Society proposed?

  1660
• When was the Society’s first Scientific Journal published?

  1665, ‘Philosophical Transactions’
• When did the Royal Society become solely focused on science?

  In 1684
• What theories did the Royal Society waste time on?

  Backing the idea that women had smaller brains and using mathematical theories to calculate when God would return
• Examples of Royal Society members?

  Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, Isaac Newton, John Locke
• What did Robert Hooke publish?

  ‘Micographia’ in 1665
• What were Robert Boyle’s contributions?

  Regarded as a founder of modern chemistry, also writing on religion, biology, and physics
• How did John Wilkins affect the structure of the Society?

  A founding member who was instrumental in creating the principle that the society would be open to religious non-conformists
• When did Isaac Newton become the 12th President of the Society?


  In 1703
• How did Newton contribute to the society?

  His first letters to the Society in 1672 were concerned with his research into the spectrum of light and he created theories on gravity and motion
• What did Newton publish in 1687?

  Philosophia Naturalis Principia Mathematica
• How can the spreading impact of the Royal Society be shown?

  In 1666, The French Royal Academy of Sciences was formed and in 1700 the Prussian Academy of Sciences was founded in Berlin
• How was science seen by the public in 1688?

  Science was no longer suspicious and rather was a part of public consciousness
• When was the Royal Society formed?

  1662
• What are examples of earlier forums for scientific discovery?

  The Gresham College Group and scientific groups at Oxford and Cambridge
• What did Oxford and Cambridge have a greater role in promoting?

  Biological and physical sciences
• What other areas promoted scientific revolution?

  The Royal Observatory received military funding to pull ahead of the French in charting longitude at sea