MSK Embryology

• What cytokine causes bone ossification in the fontanelles of children?

  FGF (high levels -> bone officiation)
• What can occur if the fontanelles are ossified too early in childhood?

  Craniosynostosis (abnormal skull growth in the direction of remaining unfused sutures)
• What is the underlying mutation in achondroplasia?

  Activation of FGFR3
• What is achondroplasia?

  Genetic disorder that causes dwarfism