Immune system

Subdecks (1)

Cards (44)

  • What is the main function of the human body's defense system?
    To protect against pathogens
  • What are the two main components of the body's defense system?
    • Physical and chemical barriers
    • Immune system
  • What acts as a physical barrier to pathogens?
    Skin
  • How does skin help protect against pathogens?
    It secretes oils and antimicrobial substances
  • Through which openings can pathogens enter the body?
    Nose and mouth
  • What adaptations do noses have to prevent pathogen entry?
    Little hairs and mucus
  • What tubes do pathogens travel through after entering the throat?
    Trachea and esophagus
  • What is the role of mucus in the trachea?
    To trap particles and pathogens
  • What structures line the trachea to help move mucus?
    Pseudostratified cilia
  • How do cilia assist in the respiratory system?
    They move mucus to the throat
  • What does the stomach produce to kill pathogens?
    Hydrochloric acid
  • What is the pH level of stomach contents?
    About 2
  • What is the primary type of cell in the immune system?
    White blood cells
  • What happens when pathogens enter the body despite defenses?
    The immune system hunts them down
  • How do white blood cells destroy pathogens?
    By engulfing them
  • What is one function of white blood cells?
    To perform phagocytosis
  • What do white blood cells produce to counteract toxins?
    Antitoxins
  • What are antigens?
    Foreign substances detected by the immune system
  • What are antibodies?
    Proteins made by white blood cells
  • How do antibodies function in the immune response?
    They bind to antigens and signal for destruction
  • What happens after the immune system identifies a pathogen?
    It produces many specific antibodies
  • What does immunity mean?
    Protection against future infections
  • How does the body defend against pathogens daily?
    • Physical barriers (skin)
    • Chemical barriers (mucus, acid)
    • Immune response (white blood cells)
  • Where can additional resources and videos be found?
    On the website cognito.org
  • What features does the website cognito.org offer?
    Questions, flashcards, and progress tracking