Training

• Training in Sparta overview

  Age 7 boys leave home and never return

  Enter agoge

  If he failed this then he’s not allowed into a syssition and is not a full citizen
• What happens if youre not a spartan citizen

  no klerots or helots

  beg
• How were boys taught in Sparta 7 to early teens

  put into packs led by prefects

  supervise boys and whip them
• What was taught to boys at age 7 to early teens Sparta

  very little reading and writing

  no philosophy - not develop critical thinking skills

  emphasis on physical excellence and obedience

  music and dancing - develop precision

  encourage to fight one another - toughen up
• second phase - early teen to late teen sparta

  training intensified

  • boys walk bare feet - toughen feet
  • train naked - train bodies
  • no luxuries (had one cloak) - made beds by themselves
  • food rationed - encouraged to steal more for themselves, severely punished for being caught = sloppy
• What else was the second phase for spartan boys

  most rebellious - cut hair short and stay silent in public

  Boys took an order man as a lover and mentor

  If boy cried his mentor wold be punished
• final phase - krypteia

  only best boys selected

  g on solo missions with basic rations and dagger

  rest during day and at night murder helots

  watch helots that worked and kill ones who were strong
• Benefit of krypteia

  toughen boys for life

  terrorise holt populations and keep them subjugated
• Features of syssition

  Dining club with 15 men variety of ages

  • simple food = not used to luxury
  • Ate same = equality between citizens
  • Different ages = less tension And more unity
  • Share large tent = comradeship
• What was army training in Athens like

  No formal training they completed

  All adult citizens expected to serve until age 60
• what is evidence that physical training in Athens was there

  • phalanx formation = needed cooperation, endurance - needed practice
  • at age 7 boys did physical education
  • athletic competitions (hopltie race)
• evidence that Athens did not train

  • Athenian men had to work for a living, nto much time
• Athenian navy training

  rowers steering and timing

  Athenian navy more active than others
• training in Rome legionary soldiers

  New recruit - 4 months of basic training

  Continues for 25 years

  • march drills - core training
  • March 20 miles for 5 hours
  • Swim, run, ride horse
• Legionary soldier weaponry training and shield training

  Fight against a scarecrow

  Practice throwing javelin

  jump off horse while moving

  shield training both defensive
• who would daily life be overseen with roman

  Legionary soldier

  Enforced discipline

  Training complete in groups - close bonds
• roma army provided something good

  promotion

  pay rise
• discipline of legionary soldiers

  when recruit reached legionary fortress, he took military oath

  promise to never flee or desert

  breaking this oath was punished
• Punishments for legionary soldier

  Fines or reduction

  Demotion / extra duties to complete

  Execution

  Decimation - worst punishment - if legion showed cowardice
• How did decimation work

  group to be decimated divided into 10 men groups

  then draw lots

  one man loses, other 9 men beat him up