Importance of mitosis in growth and repair

• What is the role of mitosis in repair?

  It creates new replacement cells for damaged tissues
• What type of cells does meiosis produce in the testes?

  Sperm cells
• What are the main differences between mitosis and meiosis?

  • Mitosis:
  • Purpose: Growth, repair, asexual reproduction
  • Cell types: Somatic cells
  • Divisions: One
  • Chromosome number: Stays the same
  • Daughter cells: Two identical cells
  • Genetic diversity: No genetic variation

  
  

  • Meiosis:
  • Purpose: Sexual reproduction
  • Cell types: Germ cells
  • Divisions: Two
  • Chromosome number: Halved
  • Daughter cells: Four genetically different cells
  • Genetic diversity: Genetic variation due to crossing over
• How do cell cycle checkpoints function in mitosis regulation?

  They pause cell division if errors are detected
• What are the three main checkpoints in the regulation of mitosis?

  • G1 Checkpoint: Monitors DNA damage and cell size
  • G2 Checkpoint: Monitors completion of DNA replication
  • Metaphase Checkpoint: Monitors chromosome alignment
• What happens to nearby healthy cells when tissues are damaged?

  They divide to fill in the damaged area
• How does mitosis aid in animal healing?

  By repairing skin and bone fractures
• What are the key processes of mitosis in different organisms?

  • Plants: Growth, Repair
  • Animals: Growth, Repair
  • Fungi: Asexual Reproduction
  • Bacteria: Asexual Reproduction
• What process do bacteria use for asexual reproduction?

  Binary fission
• What are the implications of mitosis for tissue structure and function?

  • Ensures genetic consistency in cells
  • Maintains proper tissue architecture
  • Supports functional integrity of tissues
• How are cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) activated?

  By binding to cyclins
• What is the purpose of the regulation of mitosis?

  To ensure cell division occurs correctly
• In which organism does mitosis contribute to spore formation?

  Fungi
• What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of genetic diversity?

  Genetic variation due to crossing over
• What are the key regulators of mitosis?

  Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)