Lesson 5 - A World of Regions

• Regionalism

  is political and economic phenomena which unites countries in the region for a common good.
• Regionalization

  It refers to regional concentration of economic flows.
• NATO

  An example of state regionalism which was established during the cold war for military protection purposes.
• OPEC

  An example of State regionalism which was established by oil exporting countries to protect their resources.
• Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries - (OPEC)
• NAM

  Another state regionalism which was established by countries who don’t want to be part of major global political groups.
• Non Aligned Movement - (NAM)
• ASEAN

  A state regionalism that was established in order to boost the economy of the members countries.
• Association of South East Asian Nations - (ASEAN)
• State Regionalism

  An international organization in the region whose members are represented by states.
• Non-State Regionalism

  An international organization in the regions whose members are common people or philanthropists and not directly connected to the states.
• New Regionalism

  Also refers to Non-state regionalism.
• Legitimizers

  These are non-state regionalism who are asking for finances and support from the government or state.
• Regions - a group of countries located in the same geographically specified area
• Regions - “an amalgamation of two regions [or] a combination of more than two regions” organized to regulate and “oversee flows and policy choices.”
• regionalization

  • regional concentration of economic flows”
• Regionalism - a political process characterized by economic policy cooperation and coordination among countries.
• State Regionalism - It is the coordination of countries and a general phenomenon or may refer to a formal project, policy, or scheme promoted by regional states and the term actually encompasses a broader area
• Non-state regionalism - individuals or organizations that have powerful economic, political or social power and are able to influence at a national and sometimes international level while not belonging to or ally themselves to any particular country or state.
• Reasons of the Formation of Regional Groups in State Regionalism

  1. military defense
  2. To pool resources
  3. Protect Independence
  4. Economic crisis
• Military Defense

  It is to guarantee the freedom. So unity of its members through political and military means.
• Treaty of Dunkirk

  -signed by France and UK as treaty of alliance and mutual assistance.
• Brussels Treaty Organization.

  -NATO was expanded to include Benelux Countries the form of the Western Union
• The Treaties of Dunkirk and Brussels evolved to what alliance?

  North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
• B. To pool resources

  Countries form regional organizations to pool their resources, get better returns for their exports, as well as expand their leverage against trading partners
• OPEC is a group consisting of 14 of the world's major oil-exporting nations
• What was the focus of OPEC?

  to regulate oil prices and ensure stabilization of oil. In order to secure: Economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations, stable prices for petroleum producers and Fair return on Capital for those investing in the petroleum industry.
• To Protect Independence

  Countries form regional blocs to protect their independence from the pressures of superpower politics
• NAM started with how many members?

  25
• How often does NAM meet?

  Every 3 years
• Which countries founded NAM?

  Egypt, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Yugoslavia (YIGIE)
• NAM is an international policy of a sovereign state. It does not-align itself with any of the power blocs. However, it actively participates in the world affairs in order to pursue world peace, international cooperation, human rights, national sovereignty, racial and national equality, non-intervention, and peaceful conflict resolution.
• OPEC headquarters is in?

  Vienna, Austria
• NAM headquarters is in?

  Jakarta, Indonesia
• Due to Economic crisis

  Economic crisis compels countries to come together.
• ASEAN was founded by which countries?

  Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand (PISMaT)
• Which countries later joined the ASEAN from 1984-1999?

  Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar. (MyLaViBru)
• Main Focus of ASEAN?

  Political Security, Economic Security and Socio Cultural Integration.
• Non-State Regionalism

  It is not only states that agree to work together in the name or a single cause.
• non-governmental organizations (NGOs) - associations to link up with one another in pursuit of a particular goal (or goals)