working memory model

• What did Baddeley & Hitch question?

  The multi-store model.
• What did Baddeley & Hitch believe about STM?


  It was more than just a single store.
• How did Baddeley & Hitch describe STM?

  As an 'active' store in their working memory model.
• What is purpose of the central executive?

  Filters and directs attention to incoming information and directs information to slave systems
• What cognitive tasks does the central executive handle?

  Mental arithmetic and problem-solving.
• What is the capacity of the central executive?

  Limited capacity - one strand of information.
• What is the coding of the central executive?

  Can process information from any sensory system.
• What is the Phonological Loop?

  Similar to the rehearsal system of the multi-store model of memory, it deals with auditory information and preserves the order of this information.
• What is the capacity of the Phonological Loop?

  Determined by the amount of information that can be spoken out loud in about 2 seconds.
• What are the two components of the phonological loop?

  Phonological Store and Articulatory Process
• What is the Phonological Store?

  Stores words recently heard.
• What is the Articulatory Process?

  Keeps acoustic information by repeating it using the inner voice.
• What is the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad?

  Temporary store for visual and spatial items.
• What does the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad store?

  Visual and spatial items and their relationships.
• What is the capacity of the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad?

  About 3 or 4 objects.
• What are the two divisions of the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad?

  Visual cache and Inner scribe.
• What is the role of the visual cache?

  Stores visual data
• What is the role of the inner scribe?

  Stores the arrangement of objects in the visual field
• What is the episodic buffer?

  A temporary storage system that combines information from different sources.
• What is the capacity of the episodic buffer?

  Roughly 4 chunks.
• What types of information can the episodic buffer process?

  Information from any sensory system.
• What is the function of the episodic buffer?

  To hold together and make sense of different types of information.
• What is the working memory model?

  A model that proposes separate components for different types of information processing.
• What is the phonological loop?

  A component of the working memory model responsible for processing verbal information.
• What is the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

  A component of the working memory model responsible for processing visual and spatial information.
• Who is Patient KF?

  A brain-damaged patient who had difficulty recalling verbal information but not visual information.
• How does Patient KF support the WMM?

  His case demonstrates that damage to one component (phonological loop) affects verbal recall but not visual recall.
• What did Baddeley et al. (1973) study?

  They studied the interference between visual tracking and verbal tasks in participants.
• What did participants struggle with in Baddeley et al.'s study?

  They struggled to describe the angle of the letter F while performing a visual tracking task.
• How does Baddeley et al.'s study support the WMM?

  It shows that tasks involving separate components (verbal and visual) are easier to perform simultaneously than tasks using the same component (visual).
• What happened to EVR?

  He had a cerebral tumor removed.
• How did EVR perform on tests requiring reasoning after the surgery?


  He performed well.
• What was the impact on EVR's decision-making skills after the surgery?


  His decision-making skills were poor.
• What does the evidence suggest about the central executive?

  It suggests that the central executive is not a single store.