Nature vs Nurture

• What does "nature" refer to in the nature vs nurture debate?

  Genes and innate brain structure
• What does "nurture" suggest in the nature vs nurture debate?

  Shaped by life experiences and environment
• What does the interactionist approach claim about the nature vs nurture debate?

  It is an interaction of both factors
• What biological factor is linked to aggression in biological psychology?

  Hormones like testosterone
• How does testosterone influence aggression according to biological psychology?

  It activates brain regions for aggressive behavior
• What hormone is released from adrenal glands during fight or flight response?

  Adrenaline
• What is a strength of the hormonal explanation for aggression?

  Positive correlation between aggression and testosterone
• What is a limitation of correlational studies in aggression research?

  Cannot establish cause and effect relationships
• What is a useful application of the hormonal explanation of aggression?

  Using anti-androgens to prevent violent crimes
• Which brain structure is involved in planning and decision-making related to aggression?

  Prefrontal cortex
• How does the prefrontal cortex relate to aggression?

  It controls impulses from the amygdala
• What brain structure is responsible for the fight or flight mechanism?

  Amygdala
• What is a strength of using PET scans in aggression research?

  Measures glucose metabolism in the brain
• What is a limitation of the PET scan study by Raine?

  Low task validity in measuring aggression
• What does the study by Raine suggest about brain deficits?

  They can lead to aggressive or violent behaviors
• What do learning theories suggest about human behavior?

  Behaviors are learned from external stimuli
• How does Pavlov's experiment support the nurture side of the debate?

  It shows environmental stimuli influence behavior
• What is a limitation of Pavlov's study regarding generalizability?

  Used dogs, not complex human brains
• What does social learning theory emphasize about behavior acquisition?

  Learning through observation and imitation
• How does Bandura's study support the nurture debate?

  Children imitate aggressive role models
• What is a limitation of using Bobo dolls in Bandura's study?

  Children may act aggressively due to doll design
• What does cognitive psychology focus on regarding memory?

  Working memory model and phonological loop
• What are the two components of the phonological loop?

  Phonological store and articulatory control system
• What is the role of the phonological store?

  Stores acoustic information briefly
• How long does the phonological store retain information?

  About 2 seconds
• What does the articulatory control system do?

  Uses subvocal recall to maintain information
• What is a strength of the study by Sebastien and Hernandez Gill?

  Supports existence of the phonological loop
• What did the comparison with Saxon data reveal about digit span?

  Word length affects memory recall
• What does the overall conclusion about cognitive behavior suggest?

  It may be interactionist due to brain and stimuli