Organic chemistry A-level

• What is the functional group for an aldehyde ?

  C=O H
• What will aldehydes oxidise to form in the presence of acidified potassium dichromate?

  Carboxyllic acids
• What is the test for an aldehyde ?

  fehlings and Tollens
• What functional group are ketones recognised by ?


  C=O
• Why does optical isomers of hydroxy nitriles exist?

  contain a chiral carbon

  CN nucleophile can attack from the top to bottom plane causing different enantiomers to be produced
• What functional group can carboxyllic acids be recognised from?

  C=O and an OH group
• What functional group can esters be recognised from ?

  COO - ester linkage
• How are esters formed ?

  from the reaction of a carboxyllic acid with an alcohol in the presence of Concentreated H2SO4
• What functional group can Acyl Chlorides be recognised from?


  COCL
• What will and Acyl chloride + water produce ?

  carboxyllic acid and HCL
• What will a Acyl chloride + alcohol produce ?

  Ester and HCL
• What will an acids chloride and ammonia produce?

  Amide + HCL
• What will an Acyl chloride + primary amine produce?

  N-substituted amide+ HCL
• How do you name aldehydes ?

  al suffix (C=O is on the end of chain)
• How do you name ketones ?

  -one suffix