reproduction in plants

• Sexual reproduction in plants involves the production of seeds through the fusion of male and female gametes.
• the difference between wind pollination and seed dispersal is, wind pollination is about making seeds, while seed dispersal is about spreading them around for better growth.
• The female parts of a flower is the stigma, style, ovary and ovule (Pistil/carpel). And the male parts of a flower is the anther and the filament(stamen).
• The difference between pollination and fertilization is, fertilization is the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote while pollination happens when the pollen grains carry the male gametes to the female gametes.
• Germination is when a seed grows into a plant
• Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction that occurs by growing new shoots or roots from existing ones.
• Budding is a type of vegetative propagation where a small bud develops on the side of a parent plant and eventually detaches to grow into a separate individual.
• Asexual reproduction is where one parent produces offspring without sexual intercourse.
• Cutting is another type of vegetative propagation where a stem cutting is taken from a mature plant and rooted to produce a new plant.
• The anther produces pollen grains(male gamete). And the ovary produces ovules (female gametes/sex cell)
• Fertilisation takes place within the ovule, which then becomes a seed
• the filament keep the anthers in place. And the petal protects the flower during the budding stage.
• The stigma is there to receive pollen grains from anthers. And the style is there to hold the stigma in place aswell as transfer pollen to the ovules
• The petal are external parts if the flower to attract insects
• Plants can be adapted for pollination for insects as the have ; brightly colored petals, large petals so being visible, sticky pollen so it sticks to the insects, a special shape for nice landing for insect, their nectar is sweet and scented to attract insects
• plant can adapt for pollination by insects plants have large showy flowers, bright colors, strong fragrance, and sticky pollen
• Cross pollination- Plant to another plant, Self pollination- Flower to the same flower on the same plant
• Drop and roll is a method of seed dispersal in which a fruit falls from tree and splits open when hitting the ground.
• An organism which transfers pollen from one plant to another is a pollinator
• Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma
• The food source which attracts insects to a flower is nectar
• Explosion is a method of seed dispersal when a pod containing seed dries and flicks the seed out