Hormones in control of the menstrual cycle - higher

• Hormones are secreted by glands in the endocrine system
• During puberty, hormones create changes in physical and emotional characteristics
• Several hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle of a woman:
• Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH):

  • Stimulates oestrogen production and the growth of follicles (egg-sacs) in the ovary
  • Secreted by the pituitary gland
• Luteinising Hormone (LH):

  • Stimulates ovulation
  • Secreted by the pituitary gland
• Oestrogen:

  • Repairs and thickens the uterus lining
  • Responsible for puberty in girls and the regulation of the menstrual cycle
• Progesterone:

  • Maintains the uterus lining
• The menstrual cycle lasts for approximately 28 days
• Graphs can be used to follow changes to the hormones during the menstrual cycle
• Relationship between different hormones during the 28 days:
• Days 1 to 12:

  • Oestrogen gradually increases and peaks around the 12th day
  • Progesterone, LH, and FSH stay at similar levels and begin to increase slightly from around day 12
  • FSH and LH peak during ovulation at approximately 14 days and drop sharply on day 15
  • Oestrogen drops during days 13 and 14, while progesterone continues to gradually increase until about day 21 and then slowly decreases
  • Oestrogen has a second lower peak at about day 21
• Hormones are secreted by glands in the endocrine system
• During puberty, hormones create changes in physical and emotional characteristics
• Several hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle of a woman:
• Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH):

  • Stimulates oestrogen production and the growth of follicles (egg-sacs) in the ovary
  • Secreted by the pituitary gland
• Luteinising Hormone (LH):

  • Stimulates ovulation
  • Secreted by the pituitary gland
• Oestrogen:

  • Repairs and thickens the uterus lining
  • Responsible for puberty in girls and the regulation of the menstrual cycle
• Progesterone:

  • Maintains the uterus lining
• The menstrual cycle lasts for approximately 28 days
• Graphs can be used to follow changes to the hormones during the menstrual cycle
• Relationship between different hormones during the 28 days:
• Days 1 to 12:

  • Oestrogen gradually increases and peaks around the 12th day
  • Progesterone, LH, and FSH stay at similar levels and begin to increase slightly from around day 12
  • FSH and LH peak during ovulation at approximately 14 days and drop sharply on day 15
  • Oestrogen drops during days 13 and 14, while progesterone continues to gradually increase until about day 21 and then slowly decreases
  • Oestrogen has a second lower peak at about day 21