EmpTech

• Computer - It is an electronic device that receives data (input), processes data, stores data, and produces a result (output).
• Data is a collection of raw unprocessed facts,including text, numbers, sound, images, and video.
• Software consists of instructions or programs for controlling the computer.
• Hardware is the actual machine—wires, transistors, and circuits.
• Software and Hardware are two components of computer.
• Software provides the means for you to interact with the computer’s hardware.
• Abacus is the first computer.
• Charles Babbage is the father of computer.
• ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
• UNIVAC - Universal Automatic Computer
• ENIAC is the first used computer in WWII to store datas
• UNIVAC is used for voting for the first president election in USA.
• Graphical User Interface or GUI, displays pictures called icons that allow you to interact with data and execute commands.
• Command-Line Interface requires you to type text commands to interact with the computer.
• A computer relies on two types of software: system software and application software
• System Software - runs a computer and includes the operating system and utility programs.
• Operating System – software that coordinates there sources and activities on a computer. Like, Windows, Linux, Sun, Apple, etc.
• Utility Program - helps the operating system set up, maintain, and protect a computer. Like, Disk Fragmentation, Software Updates, System Cleanup
• Application Software – is the software used to directly complete a specific task or to create something electronically.
• Application Software - helps you perform tasks such as writing a report, creating a video, viewing a Web page, or sending photos to a friend.
• Peripherals - types of hardware that include the input and output devices, such as keyboards and monitors.
• Information - – is data transformed into a meaningful form
• Information Processing Cycle - input, processing, output, and storage(IPOS)
• Computer Literacy - means that you can use today’s computers efficiently to enhance your life and the lives of those around you.
• Computer Literacy - you understand a wide range of informationabout current technology and how it is usedto solve problems.
• Digital Divide - is an economic gap between those who are computer literate and have access to computer technology and those who do not.
• Application Software -helps you perform tasks such as writing a report, creating a video, viewing a Web page, or sending photos to a friend.
• Operating systems fall into four major categories depending on the type of device for which they are designed:

  
  

  • Personal Computers –multitasking, single-user

  • Mobile Computing Devices –multitask, multiuser, network ingle-task, single-user

  • Servers –multitask, multiuser, network

  • Devices other than computers –embedded OS
• Operating System Tasks

  • The operating system controls your computer from the time you turn on the power to the time you turn it off.
  • It takes care of technical tasks such as start-up steps, managing memory, processing input and output, controlling hardware, and ending a computer session.
• Boot Process - a series of steps the operating system must complete before you can interact with the operating system
• Personal or desktop operating systems are installed on a single computer and are called single-user operating systems because one user interacts with the operating system at a time.
• Personal Computer Operating Systems - They are multitasking operating systems, which means they let you work with more than one program at a time
• The three most popular personal computer operating systems are Windows, Mac OS, and Linux.
• Windows became widespread because it ran on inexpensive personal computers created by a variety of computer manufacturers. It is easy to use and personalize, and it runs more types of applications than other operating systems.
• Mac OS set the standard for GUI operating systems and is liked by its users for being a very secure, reliable,and easy-to-maintain operating system.
• Linux is released to the public as open-source software, meaning anyone can use,modify, and distribute it. Linux is available in versions called distributions, including commercial and noncommercial distributions
• A mobile operating system is designed for small hand held computing devices.It includes features like a personal operating system but is simpler and smaller
• A smartphone is a cellphone that includes many features of a computer.
• Tablets are one-piece mobile computers that usually include a touchscreen, which is a screen you touch to interact with the GUI.
• A server operating system resides on a serverand is used to manage a network (a group oftwo or more computers linked together).