Media and information literacy

• Literacy is the ability to read and write
• Information - are the data, knowledge, derived from study experience or instruction

  • Knowledge or specific events or situation
• Media are the main means of communication regarded collectively
• Harold lasswell is an american political scientist known for seminal studies of power relations and of personality and politics
• Lasswell's model of communication

  • One of the first and most influential models of communication
  • Published in 1948 analyzes communication in terms of five basic questions
• Communication is the act or process of using words, sounds, signs or behaviors to express or exchange information or to express ideas, thoughts, feelings to someone else
• Types of communication

  • Interpersonal communication
  • Mediated interpersonal communication
  • Organizational communication
  • Public communication
• Interpersonal communication is a form of communication that involves two to three individuals interacting through the use of their voices and bodies
• Mediated interpersonal communication communication taking place through the use of devices such as pens, telephone, or computer
• Organizational communication people communicate differently in a working environment
• Public communication is when one person is communicating to a large number of people
• Two basic type of communication

  • Non verbal ( signs, symbols, color, gesture, body language, facial expression)
  • Verbal (oral and written)
• Media are the communication tools e.g internet, radio, magazine, newspaper, television
• Media literacy is the ability to read, analyze, evaluate and produce communication in a variety of media forms
• Information literacy is the ability to recognize when information is needed and to locate, evaluate, effectively use and communicate information in it's various formats
• Technology (digital) literacy is the ability to use digital technology, communication tools or networks to locate, evaluate, use and create information
• Media a way to carry a message from one person to another
• Media used to communicate with large group of people

  Radio

  Television

  Newspaper

  Internet
• Media used to communicate to individuals

  Emails

  Texting

  Letter

  Boards

  Pager
• Media used for entertainment

  Television

  Magazine

  Movies

  Music

  Video game
• Literacy ability to decide a message
• Process skills

  Access

  Analyze

  Evaluate

  Create
• Access

  - recognize and understand media

  - Locate media from a variety of sources

  - select different types of information based on the task
• Analyze

  • Use prior knowledge to predict outcome
  • Interpret message
  • Use strategies to compare /contrast
• Create

  • Make use of brainstorming, planning, composing, and revising process
  • Use language effectively
• Information is the data that has been collected, processed and interpret in order to be presented in a usable form
• Literacy understanding specific object
• Information literacy is a means to express personal ideas, develop arguments, refute opinion of others
• 5 components of information

  Identify

  Find

  Evaluate

  Apply

  Acknowledge
• Evolution of media

  1. Pre industrial (before 1700s)
  2. Industrial age (1700s to 1930s)
  3. Electronic age (1930s to 1980s)
  4. New (information) age (1900s to 2000s)
• Pre industrial age (before 1700s)

  People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with stone

  E.g papyrus of Egypt(2500bc)
• Pre industrial age (before 1700s)

  People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with stone

  E.g papyrus of Egypt(2500bc)
• Industrial age (1700s to 1930s)

  People used the power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron production and the manufacturing of various products like books

  E.g

  Printing press (1900)

  Newspaper- London gazette (1974)

  Telephone (1876)

  Motion picture photography (1890)
• Electronic age (1930s to 1980s)

  Invention of transistor ushered in the electronic age. People harnessed the power of transistor that led to transistor radio, electronic circuit and the early computer. Long distance communication is efficient
• New (information) age (1900s to 2000s)

  Internet paved way for faster communication and the creation of social networks

  E.g search engines : google (1996) yahoo (1995)
• Types of media

  Print media

  Broadcast media

  Digital media
• Print media

  Media consisting of paper and ink, reproduced in a printing process that is traditionally mechanical

  E.g newspaper, book, magazine, comics, brochure
• Broadcast media

  Media that reach target audience using airwaves as the transmission medium

  E.g television, radio, satellites, mobile phone, movies, films, live performances
• Digital media

  Contents are organized and distributed on digital platforms
• Digital refers to something using digits particularly binary digits

  E.g internet, social media, computers