mitosis and meiosis

• interphase (process before mitosis and meiosis)

  -growing

  -DNA replication

  -carrying daily cells function
• mitosis - it repairs and makes identical cells
• mitosis makes body cells
• cancer - uncontrolled cell growths
• chromosomes - made of protein and DNA
• 46 chromosomes are usually found in most human body in nuclei
• centromere - part of chromosome where sister chromatids are held together
• chromatids - strands of replicated chromosome
• Mitosis stages of division :

  1. Prophase
  2. Metaphase
  3. Anaphase
  4. Telophase
• Phrophase - "before"
• Metaphase - "middle"
• Anaphase - "away"
• Telophase - "two"
• Cytokenesis - "Split"
• mitosis do cell division
• meiosis do reduction division
• Meiosis - doesn't make body cells ; it makes sperm cell and egg cell (gametes)
• sperm cell and egg cell have 23 chromosomes
• meiosis do PMAT twice
• Prophase 1 - condensing / thickening
• homologous pair - same size and same type of genes
• Metaphase 1 - line up in middle in pairs (chromosomes)
• anaphase 1 - pulls away the chromosomes
• telaphase 1 - "two"
• prophase 2 - condensing and thickening again
• metaphase 2 - they line up not in pairs
• anaphase 2 - the chromatids are pulled away
• nondisjunction - too many or too few chromosomes