Strategies of Transportation

• Unicellular organisms

  • Cell surfaces act as place of exchange with outside environment.
• Non-vascular plants

  • Shorter than vascular plants
  • No transport system for essential minerals, water, and food
  • has Rhizoids
• Rhizoids - A thin rootlike structure that absorbs nutrients and anchors nonvascular plants
• Vascular Plants

  • Xylem and phloem to conduct water and food.

  A) Epidermis

  B) Cortex

  C) pith

  D) Cambium

  E) xylem

  F) phloem

  G) xylem

  H) cambium

  I) phloem

  
• Sponges

  • Body plan allows cells to have direct contact with environment Diffusion
  • No circulatory system (CS)

  A) Flagellum

  B) collar

  C) Water

  D) Water

  E) Osculum

  F) Central Cavity

  G) Sponge Wall

  H) Amoeboid Cell

  I) Pore

  J) Epidermal Cell

  K) Spicule

  
• Circulatory System - Moves fluid around the cells’ surroundings and tissues where exchange of materials occur
• The three basic parts of the circulatory system are the circulatory fluid, the set of interconnected vessels, muscular pump (heart).
• Open Circulatory System:

  A) Hemolymphs

  B) Sinuses

  C) Anterior

  D) Lateral

  E) Ostia

  F) tubular Heart

  
• Closed Circulatory System

  • Fluid called blood is distinct from

  interstitial fluid

  • Blood is confined to vessels
  • Heart/s pump blood into blood

  vessels --> smaller vessels --> organs

  • Ex. Annelids, cephalopods,

  vertebrates

  A) cells

  B) Heart

  C) vessels

  D) Circulating plasma

  E) Interstitial Fluid

  
• Closed Circulatory System:

  A) organ

  B) vessels

  C) Auxilliary

  D) ventral

  E) Dorsal

  
• Fish CS

  A) Single

  B) 2

  C) 1

  D) 1

  
• Amphibians CS

  A) Pulmonary

  B) Systematic

  C) 3

  D) 1

  E) 2

  F) Some

  G) Lungs

  H) Skin

  
• Reptiles CS

  A) 2

  B) 3

  C) septum

  D) 4

  
• Mammals and Birds CS

  A) 2

  B) 4

  C) Efficient

  D) Complete

  
• Open Circulatory System

  Hemolymph – circulatory fluid

  • Also the interstitial fluid (bathes body cells)

  Ex. some Mollusks & arthropods

  • Heart contraction pumps hemolymph to interconnected sinuses surrounding organs
  • Sinuses
  • where exchange of materials happen between hemolymph and body cells - spaces around organs