Human respiratory system

• This is the human respiratory system

  A) trachea

  B) intercostal muscles

  C) alevoli

  D) diaphragm

  E) bronchus

  F) bronchiole

  
• Humans need the respiratory system because they are too large + made from too many cells to rely on simple diffusion to supply oxygen (unlike a worm who doesn't have lungs).

  Oxygen would take too long to diffuse + be used up along the way
• Respiratory system gives us oxygen for our blood to transport around body and remove carbon dioxide.
• We breathe in and out to replenish our air supply = maintaining a concentration gradient (keeps oxygen higher in lungs than blood, so oxygen will continue to diffuse in)
• Adaptations of alveoli to make them efficient for gas exchange =

  • Good blood supply -maintaining concentration gradient
  • large surface area - for gas exchange
  • thin walls - short diffusion pathway for gases
  • moist lining - gases can dissolve into a solution for diffusion

  
• more oxygen in inspired air than expired = it has diffused into blood to go to cells for respiration
• Less carbon dioxide in inspired air than expired = it has increased, diffuses from out the blood into the alveoli
• inspired air = breathed in air
• expired air = breathed out air
• variable = depends on enviroment
• saturated = full of water
• limewater to test for carbon dioxide
• limewater turns milky / cloudy if carbon dioxide is present
• Test for Carbon Dioxide

  Flask 1 will turn cloudy slower as there is less Co2 in inspired air

  Flask 2 will turn cloudy quicker as there is more Co2 in expired air

  A) Inspired air

  B) Expired air

  
• All living things do:M- ovement

  R- espiration

  S- ensitivity

  G- rowth

  E- xcretion

  N- utrition