Biology

• The limiting factors of photosynthesis - light intensity, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration
• Uses of sugar produced by photosynthesis - energy source, plant energy storage, plant building material
• carbon fixation - a series of enzyme-controlled reactions
• light energy from the sun is trapped by chlorophyll in the chloroplast
• The chlorophyll converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP.
• Organisms are the same species if they can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
• speciation - the formation of a new species
• The first stage of speciation is caused by - an ecological barrier, a geographical barrier, reproductive barrier
• a mutation - sudden random change in the number or structure of an organisms chromosomes
• mutations are usually - random, spontaneous, and occur very rarely
• a gene - a section of DNA that codes for one protein (characteristic)
• Slightly different versions of genes are called alleles
• mutation changes DNA to make different alleles
• The type of carbohydrate used for energy storage - starch
• the type of carbohydrate used for building material - cellulose
• the type of carbohydrate that is used as an energy source - glucose
• mutation - a random change to genetic material