Interaction between military and society

• describe the spartan social hierarchy

  Spartiates (homoioi) - dedicated his life to being a soldier

  Inferiors - neodamodes (helots given freedom as a reward)and tresantes (spartiates that lost their citizenship)

  Helots - enslaved class that did agricultural labour

  Perioikoi - craftsmen that lived in laconia
• were spartiates full time professional soldiers?

  did not get paid - so weren’t professional

  had a good amount of free time, wasnt a 9-5 job (not full time)

  fair to say - dedicated to prepare for military service
• How did tresants look and how were they treated?

  lose his citizenship due to cowardice

  socially isolated and ave to wealr special clothes as mark of shame

  lose right to vote in politics

  lose kleros and helots - begged for survival
• How were helots helpful?

  They did manual labour for citizens, saved time for military preparation

  They were killed by kryptaeia- gave them experience

  Force to get drunk and sing - this humiliation taught Spartans about excess
• “Either with your shield or on it”

  typical farewell from a spartan mother to her son

  dying in battle gives great honour
• Describe kalos thanatos - beautiful death

  across Greece death on battlefield thought of beautiful way to die

  Achilles fell in love with penthisiela after he killed her
• What was Athens like before democracy?

  it had been ruled by tyrants - take power for himself

  under tyrants:

  • people had no political power
  • massive economic inequality, poor people in debt to wealthy landowners
• What impact did the hoplite phalanx have?

  main tactic of greco persian war

  Mostly froM middle class - could afford weapons
• Impact of athens fleet

  rowers came from poor classes

  but these poor people were the most important as they relied on navy

  ramming tactic made the lower class more important than wealthy hoplite soldiers

  the wealthy hoplita soldiers coused not claim to be protecting Sparta anymore