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• Program music, also known as representational music, is music that is about something and has a theme, subject, and plot with lyrics that tell a story.
• Absolute music, also known as non-representational music, is about absolutely nothing and can use the human voice without lyrics.
• Romantic Music refers to Western Music composed in the 18th or 19th century.
• Romantic Music composers believed in imagination and passion.
• Program Music is the main form of instrumental composition during the Romantic Era and was available and popular to the Middle Class.
• Program Music is described as a cultural movement that stressed emotions, imagination, individualism, and freedom of expression.
• Polonaise is a dance composition for piano popular in Poland.
• Nationalism is reflected in most romantic period compositions.
• Piano Music is filled with innovations and requires a high level of virtuosity.
• Described as Cultural Movement that Stressed: 

  • Emotions
  • Imagination
  • Individualism
  • Freedom of expression
• 3 types of music during Romantic Era

  • Violin And Strings Music
  • Piano Music
  • Program Music
• Most of romantic era compositions portray;

  Literature 

  • History
  • Emotions 
  • Nature
• Piano music is In Free form such as

  • Fantasy
  • Rhapsody
  • Ballade
  • Nocturne
• Niccolo Paganini was born on October 27, 1782 and began playing the mandolin at age 5.
• Niccolo Paganini transferred to different violin professors at age 7 due to his teachers not being able to keep up with his skill level.
• Niccolo Paganini was born in Genoa, Italy and is considered the most famous violin virtuoso.
• Niccolo Paganini is said to have sold his soul to the devil due to his gambling and problem with women.
• Niccolo Paganini has inspired Frederic Chopin, Franz Liszt, and Robert Schumman.
• Niccolo Paganini's works include La Campanella, 24 Caprices for solo violin op.1, Concerto no.1 in Eb Op.6, 15 Quartets for Guitar and Strings Trio, and The Carnival of Venice.
• Frederic Chopin was born on March 1, 1810 and began playing the piano at age 4.
• Frederic Chopin composed his first Polonaise at age 7.
• Frederic Chopin studied at the Warsaw Conservatory under Wilhelm Wurfel and is known as “Poet of the Piano”.
• Frederic Chopin was born in Zelazowa, Poland and married a famous writer, George Sand.
• Frederic Chopin was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis.
• Niccolo Paganini: Italy
• Frederic Chopin: Poland
• Franz Liszt: Hungary
• Robert Schumman: Germany
• Hector Berlioz: France
• Peter Ilyich Tchaiskovsky: Russia
• Camille Saint Saens: France
• Ballade; narrative set to music
• Mazurka: Polish dance
• Nocturne; a pensive, dreamy mood
• Polonise: Slow Polish dance
• Prelude; short piece of music that can be used as a preface (can stand alone)
• Impromptu: short free-form music composition
• Scherzo: Aba form
• Sonata; composition for one or more instrument