respiration *5

• what are the products of glycolysis ?

  NADH, pyruvate and ATP
• where in the cell do the reactions of glycolysis occur ?

  cytoplasm
• what substance is first produced in glycolysis ?

  hexose bisphosphate
• what is the name of the first three carbon molecule produced in glycolysis?

  triose phosphate
• which coenzyme acts as the hydrogen acceptor in glycolysis ?

  NADH
• how many pyruvate molecules are produced from each glucose molecule in glycolysis ?

  2
• what is the net yield of ATP

  2
• what is the term for the formation of ATP which does not involve the electron transport chain?

  substrate level phosphorylation
• what is the first step of the link reaction ?

  oxidative decarboxylation
• what is the name of the two carbon compound produced from pyruvate? This molecule is then bound to a coenzyme

  Acetyl Co A
• which two coenzymes are involved in the link reaction ?

  coenzyme A and NAD
• where in the cell does the link reaction occur ?

  in the matrix of the mitochondria
• what is the end product of the link reaction ?

  acetyl CoA
• name the four carbon compound which combines with acetyl Co A in the Krebs cycle

  oxaloacetate
• what is the six carbon compound formed in the first step of the Krebs cycle?

  citrate
• what two chemical processes are involved in the conversion of the six carbon compound into a five carbon compound ?

  oxidation and decarboxylation
• which coenzymes act as hydrogen acceptors in the Krebs cycle ?

  NAD and FADH2
• where in the cell is the Krebs cycle carried out

  matrix of the mitochondria
• what is the name of the arrangement of proteins in the mitochondrial cristae which accepts high energy electrons from NADH ?

  the electron transport chain
• what term is used to describe the reaction involving the oxidation and reduction of electron carriers in the electron transport chain ?

  redox reaction
• what is the final electron acceptor and the end of the ETC ?

  oxygen
• what is the waste product produced at the end of the electron transport chain ?

  water
• what respiratory substrate yields the greatest amount of ATP per gram ?

  lipids
• what is meant by the term respiratory quotient?

  the amount of carbon dioxide released compared with the amount of oxygen used during respiration
• what is indicated if an organism has a respiratory quotient with a value less than 1

  the organism is using lipids and proteins as respiratory substrates in addition to carbohydrates
• what is indicated in an organism has a respiratory quotient of greater than 1 ?

  it is using anaerobic respiration