The Electromagnetic Spectrum

• The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible wavelengths or frequencies of electromagnetic radiation.
• Radio waves have the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies, while gamma rays have the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies.
• Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that do not need a material medium to travel through, unlike sound waves.
• Waves can be described by their frequency (number of complete cycles per second) and amplitude (height).
• Electromagnetic radiation travels at the speed of light (300 million meters per second).
• Infrared radiation has a longer wavelength than visible light but shorter than radio waves.
• Infrared radiation has lower frequencies than visible light but higher frequencies than radio waves.
• Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), with one cycle being equal to one Hz.
• The energy carried by an EM wave depends on its frequency and intensity.
• Different types of electromagnetic radiation include radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.
• Visible light has a wide range of colors from red to violet, with different colors having different wavelengths.
• Infrared radiation is used in remote controls and heating appliances.
• Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and highest energy among all types of electromagnetic radiation.
• Ultraviolet radiation is invisible to humans and has a shorter wavelength than violet light.
• X-rays have a shorter wavelength than ultraviolet radiation but longer than gamma rays.
• Ultraviolet radiation has a shorter wavelength than visible light but longer than X-rays.
• Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and highest energy among electromagnetic radiations.
• EM waves do not need a medium to propagate, unlike sound waves.
• EM waves have both electric and magnetic fields which travel together through space.
• EM waves are transverse, meaning that they oscillate up and down and sideways.
• Radio waves have the longest wavelength and lowest frequency among all types of electromagnetic radiation.
• Visible light can be seen by the human eye, while other forms of electromagnetic radiation cannot.
• X-rays are used in medical imaging and cancer treatment.
• Gamma rays are the most energetic form of electromagnetic radiation.
• Ultraviolet radiation can cause sunburn and skin cancer if not protected against.
• X-rays are used in medical imaging and treatment.
• Microwaves are used in cooking food and satellite communication.
• The speed of light is approximately 300 million meters per second (m/s) or 186 thousand miles per second (mi/s).
• Radio waves are used for communication, such as radio broadcasting and mobile phones.
• Infra red radiation is used for remote control devices and heating appliances.